Ch. 6 Enhancing Business Intelligence Using Big Data, Analytics, and AI

Question 1

Ad Hoc Query

Answer 1

tools created because of unplanned information, provide an easy to use interface, allowing managers to run queries and reports themselves without having to know query languages or the structure of the underlying data

Question 2

online transaction processing (OLTP)

Answer 2

provide automated responses to the requests of users, designed to handle multiple concurrent transactions from customers, fixed number of inputs and outputs
enable users to perform ad hoc analyses of different dimensions of data beyond simple data summaries

Question 3

operational and informational systems

Answer 3

operational: can generate wealth of data that can serve as useful inputs into business intelligence and advanced analytics that can be linked to an inventory system but also capture valuable data
informational: systems designed to support decision making based on stable point in time or historical data

Question 4

data warehouse

Answer 4

• integrate multiple large databases and other data sources into a single repository
• contains both historic and current data for analysis and reporting
• is suitable for direct querying, analysis or processing

Question 5

data cleansing

Answer 5

the process of detecting, correcting or removing corrupt or inaccurate data retrieved from different source systems leaded into the data warehouse and are ready for being used for complex analyses

Question 6

data lakes

Answer 6

central repositories allowing for storings structured, semi-structured, and unstructured in a raw format

Question 7

data marts

Answer 7

a data warehouse that is limited in scope, contains selected data from the data warehouse such that each separate data mart is customised for the decision support needs of a particular end user group

Question 8

data mining

Answer 8

provides capabilities for discovering hidden predictive relationships in data
can analyse massive amounts of data to identify characteristics or profitable customers, purchasing patters and credit card transactions

Question 9

methods of data mining

Answer 9

association discovery
sequence discovery
clustering and classification

Question 10

association discovery

Answer 10

a technique used to find associations or correlations among purchased together to redesign the store’s layout and optimise the customer navigational path

Question 11

sequence discovery

Answer 11

used to discover associations over time

Question 12

clustering and classification

Answer 12

clustering: process of grouping related records together based on having similar values fro attributes, finding structure in data
classification: used when the groups are known beforehand and records are segmented into these classes

Question 13

unstructured data analysis

Answer 13

text mining
web content mining
web usage mining

Question 14

text mining

Answer 14

the use of analytical techniques for extracting information from textual documents

Question 15

web content mining

Answer 15

extracting textual information from web documents

Question 16

web usage mining

Answer 16

used by organisations such as amazon to determine patterns in customers’ usage data such as how they navigate through the site or how much time they spend on different pages

Question 17

intelligent agent systems

Answer 17

a program that works in the background to provide some service when a specific event occurs
several types of agents for use in a broad range of contexts

Question 17

user agents

Answer 17

agents that automatically perform a task for a user, such as automatically sending a report at the first of the month

Question 18

buyer agents

Answer 18

agents that search to find the best price for a particular product you wish to purchase, shopping bots

Question 19

monitoring and sensing agents

Answer 19

agents that keep track of key data, such as data provided by various sensors, meters, cameras, notifying user when conditions change

Question 20

web crawlers

Answer 20

agents that continuously browse the web for specific information

Question 21

data mining agents

Answer 21

agents that continuously analyse large amounts of data warehouses to detect changes deemed important by the user, alerting when conditions change

Question 22

chatbots

Answer 22

agents that simulate human conversations, such as in online help systems, replacing customer service

Question 23

destructive agents

Answer 23

malicious agents designed by spammers and other internet attackers to farm email addresses off website or deposit spyware on machines

Question 24

knowledge management systems

Answer 24

refer to the processes an organisation uses to gain the greatest value from its knowledge assets

Question 25

benefits of knowledge management systems

Answer 25

• enhanced innovation and creativity
• improved customer service, shorter product development, and streamlined operations
• enhanced employee retention
• improved organisational performance

Question 26

challenges of knowledge management systems

Answer 26

• getting employee buy-in
• focusing too much on technology
• forgetting the goal
• dealing with knowledge overload and obsolescence

Question 27

geographic information system (GIS)

Answer 27

a system for creating, storing, analysing and managing geographically referenced data, augments and extends other business analytic tools by adding a spatial dimension to data