Ch. 6 Deviance and Social Control

Question 1

Deviance

Answer 1

the violation of society’s norms

Question 2

Is deviance relative? Why or why not?

Answer 2

deviance is relative because each society has its own norms

Question 3

Positive sanctions

Answer 3

approval and rewards

Question 4

Negative sanctions

Answer 4

consequences

Question 5

Biosocial explanation

Answer 5

we are deviant due to a biological impulse but these impulses are modified by our environment

Question 6

Psychological explanation

Answer 6

• social influences that recruit people to break norms

- examine personality disorders that may cause people to break norms

Question 7

Differential Association Theory

Answer 7

different groups we associate with teach us to conform or deviate to society’s norms

Question 8

Control Theory

Answer 8

We have inner controls that tell us right from wrong

Question 9

What are the proposed inner controls that we have?

Answer 9

• conscious
• religious
• morality

Question 10

Labeling Theory

Answer 10

society’s reaction to the act is more important than the act itself

Question 11

What perspective do these theories fall into: Differential Association Theory, Control Theory, and Labeling Theory

Answer 11

symbolic interactionist perspective

Question 12

Strain Theory

Answer 12

• how mainstream values produce deviance

- not being able to achieve goals creates social strain which causes deviance

Question 13

What perspective does strain theory fall under?

Answer 13

functionalist perspective

Question 14

What are the four non-conforming pathways?

Answer 14

• innovation
• ritualism
• retreatism
• rebellion

Question 15

Innovation

Answer 15

accept goals but use nonconforming means to do so

Question 16

Ritualism

Answer 16

don’t question rules and follow them blindly

Question 17

Retreatism

Answer 17

reject societal goals and how they are supposed to be achieved

Question 18

Rebellion

Answer 18

reject societal goals and how they are supposed to be achieved

Question 19

Conflict perspective

Answer 19

• the law is not impartial, it operates to maintain the interests of those in power
• laws are harsher to the poor

Question 20

What was the effect of three strike laws?

Answer 20

• decline in violent crime
• this was not inherently due to the laws though, lower unemployment, drug usage, accessible abortion, and decreased birth rate also contributed

Question 21

Recidivism

Answer 21

people released from prison who get rearrested

Question 22

Death Penalty

Answer 22

• class and racial bias

- AA men execution rates are several times that of the AA population

Question 23

Why are crime statistics to be taken with a grain of salt?

Answer 23

they are documented by people and all crime cannot be documented

Question 24

Medicalization of Deviance

Answer 24

people who are mentally ill commit crime