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Intro To Sociology > Ch. 12 Marriage and Family > Flashcards

Ch. 12 Marriage and Family Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a family?

A

people who consider themselves related by blood, marriage, or adoption

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2
Q

What familial themes are universal?

A

mechanisms for governing mate selection, reckoning descent, and establishing inheritance and authority

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3
Q

What is the functionalist perspective on the family?

A

Functionalists examine the functions and dysfunctions of the family and how that benefits or negatively affects society

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4
Q

What is the conflict perspective on family?

A

They focus on inequalities of marriage, specifically power imbalances between husbands and wives

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5
Q

What is the symbolic interactionist perspective on family?

A

They examine the contrasting experiences and perspectives of men and women throughout marriage.

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6
Q

What are the major elements of the family life cycle?

A

love and courtship, marriage, child birth, child rearing, and the family later in life

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7
Q

How significant is race/ethnicity in family?

A

The primary disfunction presents itself in class, not in race or ethnicity. Families of similar social class are going to have similar problems regardless of race

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8
Q

What major changes characterize US families?

A

postponment of marriage, increase in cohabitation, and conception is occuring later in life

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9
Q

What uis the current divorce rate?

A

anywhere between 2 and 40%

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10
Q

What is the likely future of marriage and family?

A

increase in cohabitation, births to unmarried women, and age in marriage

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11
Q

Polygyny

A

a form of marriage in which a man has more than one wife

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12
Q

Polyandry

A

a woman has more than one husband

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13
Q

What is a household composed of?

A

people who occupy the same housing unit

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14
Q

Nuclear family

A

a family consisting of husband, wife, and 2 kids

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15
Q

Extended family

A

relatives that live with the parents and kids

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16
Q

Family of orientation

A

the family in which a person grows up

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17
Q

Family of procreation

A

family formed when a couple’s first child is born

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18
Q

Marriage

A

a group’s mating arrangements, usually marked by rituals to indicate status

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19
Q

Endogamy

A

members must marry within their group

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20
Q

Exogamy

A

members marry outside their group

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21
Q

System of descent

A

the way people trace kinship

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22
Q

Bilineal system

A

society set up to recognize relations on both the mother and father’s side

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23
Q

Patrilineal

A

society that only recognizes descent only from the fathers side

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24
Q

Matrilineal

A

society that only recognizes descent only from the mothers side

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25
Q

Patriarchy

A

men dominate women

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26
Q

Matriarchy

A

women dominate men

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27
Q

Egalitarian

A

men and women are equal

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28
Q

Why do functionalists think that family is universal?

A

They believe all families should fulfill 6 things:

  • economic productions
  • socialization of children
  • care of sick
  • recreation
  • sexual control
  • reproduction
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29
Q

What are the functionalists critique on the nuclear family?

A

emotional overload may result because there are less people to distribute the problems through

30
Q

Historically, who has the marital power?

A

the husband

31
Q

In modern day, who has more control over decisions in the home?

A

the wife

32
Q

What are the key findings of symbolic interactionists?

A
  • women are working more than they have historically
  • men are doing more housework
  • BOTH women and men are spending more time on child care
  • husbands still bring in more income on average
33
Q

Romantic love

A

erotic attraction accompanied by the idealization of one another

34
Q

What are two components of romantic love?

A

emotional and cognitive

35
Q

Homogamy

A

the tendency to marry people with similar characteristics

36
Q

Why does homogamy happen?

A

spatial nearness

37
Q

When did the 2 children average emerge and why?

A

the 1970’s because of increases in birth control, the sexual revolution, and women working more

38
Q

Who takes care of the child when the wife is working?

A

the husband

39
Q

Who takes care of the children when a single mother is working?

A

grandparents

40
Q

What do middle class parents believe about their children?

A
  • need to be tended like a garden

- push them into activities that will develop skills

41
Q

What do working class parents believe about their children?

A
  • children blossom on their own
  • set limits
  • let children explore their own interests
42
Q

Why are US children leaving home later?

A

higher education and higher establishing household cost

43
Q

Transitional adulthood

A

how people become adults

44
Q

Widowhood effect

A

death impact is so strong that the survivor tends to die earlier than expected

45
Q

What are characteristics of black families in poverty?

A

high birth and divorce rate

46
Q

What are characteristics of black families in middle class?

A

focused on achievement and responsibility

47
Q

What are characteristics of black families in upper-middle class?

A

children marry later

48
Q

What are common characteristics of a latino family?

A
  • loyal to extended relatives

- machismo, has declined recently though

49
Q

What are common characteristics of asian american families?

A
  • more likely to grow up with both parents

- more liekly to use shame and guilt rather than physical means to discipline

50
Q

What are common characteristics of native american families?

A
  • should they follow tradition or assimilate?
  • permissive with their childre nand avoid physical discipline
  • elders play an active role
51
Q

Why is there an increase in one-parent families?

A
  • increase in divorce rates

- take longer to get married

52
Q

What do couples with no kids do?

A

pursue careers, travel, and have less stress

53
Q

Blended families

A

a family whose members were once part of other families

54
Q

What are the struggles of same-sex couples?

A

They have the same problems as heterosexual couples: housework, money, careers, etc.

55
Q

Where do major distinctions between homosexual and heterosexual come from?

A

homosexual couples have a societal stigma

56
Q

How has family shifted as time goes on?

A
  • people get married later

- people have children later

57
Q

Why are people having children later?

A

cohabitation

58
Q

Cohabitation

A

unmarried couples living together in a sexual relationship

59
Q

What effect does cohabitation have on children?

A

they have a negative effect on children because cohabitation relationships tend to be more unstable `

60
Q

Sandwich generation

A

people who find themselves responsible for both elders and children

61
Q

Why is the divorce rate a misrepresentation?

A

the 1 million divorces rarely are from the 2 million new marriages each year

62
Q

What effects does divorce have on children?

A

They are more likely to have behavioral problems, poor grades, and get in trouble with the law

63
Q

How does relationships with parents effect divorce?

A

a child with a good relatioship with both parents has a better likelihood of having no issues

64
Q

Do father’s see their children after divorce?

A

The most common pattern isthat they see their kids frequently, but there are also similar number of father’s that have little contact

65
Q

What percent of new marriages constitute atleast 1 member who was previously married?

A

20%

66
Q

What are some problems with remarriage?

A

relationships are hard to define

67
Q

What are key findings surrounding domestic abuse?

A
  • men and women who are married attack each other at the same rate
  • husbands are more liekly to injure wives
68
Q

What are key findings surrounding child abuse?

A

2 million reported cases of child abuse, 700,000 WERE child abuse

69
Q

What are key findings surrounding marital rape?

A
  • 14% of women have reported that their husbands have raped them
  • marital rape victims are more likely to not report their SA
70
Q

What are key findings surrounding incest?

A
  • most likely to occur in families that are isolated

- offenders are mostly 13-15, victims are 12 years or younger

71
Q

When are couples most happy?

A

when they spemnd leisure time together, agree how to spend money, and get along with their in-laws

72
Q

Why should we take the divorce statistic with a grain of salt?

A

All marriages do not determine your specific marriage. If you believe you marriage will fail, it it more likely to.

Intro To Sociology (9 decks)

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