Ch. 6: Circuits Flashcards

1
Q

where is metallic conductivity seen

A

solid metals and some molten salts

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2
Q

where is electrolytic conductivity seen

A

solutions

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3
Q

unit of conductance

A

siemens (S)

S/m

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4
Q

what is conductance the reciprocal of

A

resistance

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5
Q

why are metal atoms good electrical conductors

A
  • easily loose one or more valance electrons

- these electrons then move about in larger collection of metal atoms

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6
Q

what does electrolytic conductivity of a solution depend on

A

the strength/ion concentration of that solution

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7
Q

equation for current

A

I = Q / delta t

current = charge passing through conductor / unit of time

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8
Q

unit for current

A

ampere

A = C/s

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9
Q

relationship between current direction and ion flow

A

current is SAME direction of proton flow (high to low potential)
current is OPPOSITE direction of electron flow (low to high potential)

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10
Q

direct current flow pattern

A

charge flows in one direction

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11
Q

alternating current flow pattern

A

charge flow changes directions periodically

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12
Q

Kirchoff’s Junction Rule

A

I into junction = I leaving junction

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13
Q

Kirchoff’s Loop Rule

A

V source = V drop

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14
Q

units of electromotive force (emf)

A

V = J/C

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15
Q

resistance

A

opposition within any material to the flow of charge

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16
Q

equation for resistance

A

R = [p * L] / A

resistance = [resistivity of material * length of material ] / cross sectional area

17
Q

units of resistivity

A

p = ohm * meters

18
Q

effect of temperature on resistance

A

resistance is usually higher at higher temps

19
Q

formula for voltage drop between two points

20
Q

equation for actual voltage supplied by a cell

A

V = E cell - [i * r int]

voltage = emf of the cell - [current through the cell * internal resistance]

21
Q

equation for power of a resistor

A

P = IV = I^2 * R = V^2 / R

22
Q

total resistance of resistors in series

A

Rs = R1 + R2 + R3 …

23
Q

total voltage drop for a series of resistors

A

Vs = V1 + V2 + V3 …

24
Q

total voltage for parallel resistors

A

Vp = V1 = V2 + V3 …

25
total resistance of resistors in parallel
1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 OR Rp = [R1 * R2] / [R1 + R2]
26
definition of capacitance
ratio of the magnitude of charge stored on one plate to the potential difference (voltage) across the capacitor
27
equation for capacitance (when voltage is applied)
C = Q / V
28
unit of capacitance
farad, F 1 F = 1 C/V
29
equation of capacitance of a capacitor
C = E0 (A/d) Capacitance = permittivity of free space [area / separation]
30
equation for uniform electric field established between two plates of a capacitor
E = V/d
31
equation for potential energy stored within a capacitor
U = 1/2 CV^2
32
capacitance due to a dielectric material
C' = kC
33
total capacitance of capacitors in series
1/Cs = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3 ...
34
total capacitance for capacitors in parallel
Cp = C1 + C2 + C3
35
what do ammeters measure
current
36
how are ammeters inserted
in series
37
what do voltmeters measure
voltage drop
38
how are voltmeters inserted
in parallel
39
what do ohmmeters measure
resistance