Ch. 51 Terminology

Question 1

Alkalosis

Answer 1

state of not having enough acid to maintain normal homeostatic processes; seen with loop diuretics, which cause loss of bicarbonate in the urine

Question 2

Edema

Answer 2

movement of fluid into the interstitial spaces; occurs when the balance between osmotic pull (from plasma proteins) and hydrostatic push (from blood pressure) is upset

Question 3

Fluid rebound

Answer 3

reflex reaction of the body to the loss of fluid or sodium;

Question 4

high-ceiling diuretics

Answer 4

powerful diuretics that work in the loop of Henle to inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and chloride, leading to sodium-rich diuresis

Question 5

hyperaldosteronism

Answer 5

excessive output of aldosterone from the adrenal gland, leading to increased sodium and water retention and loss of potassium.

Question 6

hypokalemia

Answer 6

low potassium in the blood, which often occurs after diuretic use; characterized by weakness, muscle cramps, trembling, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and cardiac arrhythmias

Question 7

osmotic pull

Answer 7

drawing force of large molecules on water, pulling it into a tubule or capillary essential for maintaining normal fluid balance within the body; used to draw out excess fluid into the vascular system or the renal tubule