Ch. 46 Terminology

Question 1

Angina pectoris

Answer 1

“suffocation of the chest”; pain caused by the imbalance between oxygen being supplied to the heart muscle and demand for oxygen by the heart muscle

Question 2

stable angina

Answer 2

pain due to the imbalance of myocardial oxygen supply and demand, the pain is relieved by rest or stoppage of activity

Question 3

unstable angina

Answer 3

episode of myocardial ischemia with pain due to the imbalance of myocardial oxygen supply and demand when the person is at rest

Question 4

prinzmetal angina

Answer 4

drop in blood flow through the coronary arteries caused by vasospasm in the artery, not by atherosclerosis

Question 5

atheroma

Answer 5

plaque in the endothelial lining of the arteries; contains fats, blood cells, lipids, inflammatory agents, and platelets; leads to narrowing of the lumen of the artery, stiffening of the artery, and loss of distensibility and responsiveness

Question 6

atherosclerosis

Answer 6

narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of atheromas, swelling, and accumulation of platelets; leads to a loss of elasticity and responsiveness to normal stimuli.

Question 7

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Answer 7

progressive narrowing of coronary arteries, leading to decreased delivery of oxygen to cardiac muscle cells; leading killer of adults in the Western world

Question 8

Nitrates

Answer 8

drugs used to cause direct relaxation of smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation and decreased venous return to the heart with decreased resistance to blood flow

Question 9

pulse pressure

Answer 9

the systolic blood pressure minus the diastolic blood pressure; reflects the filling pressure of the coronary arteries