Ch. 38

Question 1

Adiponectin

Answer 1

Produced by fat cells, and acts to increase insulin sensitivity. Decreases release of glucose from liver. Protects blood vessels from inflammation that occurs with high glucose in blood.

Question 2

Diabetes

Answer 2

condition that occurs when the body can’t use glucose normally.

Question 3

Glycogen

Answer 3

stored form of glucose, its stored in liver. Broken down for rapid release in times of stress.

Question 4

Glycosuria

Answer 4

the presence in the urine of abnormal amounts of sugar.

Question 5

Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1c)

Answer 5

Blood test, major in %, measures average blood sugar over 3 month period. Want it less than 7%.

Question 6

Hyperglycemia

Answer 6

high blood sugar

Question 7

Hypoglycemia

Answer 7

low blood sugar

Question 8

Incretins

Answer 8

Peptides that are produced in the gut, they are released in response to food, help to modify effects between insulin and glucogon activity.

Question 9

Insulin

Answer 9

hormone that lowers the level of glucose in the blood.

Question 10

Ketosis

Answer 10

Breakdown of fat into ketones

Question 11

Polydipsia

Answer 11

constant, excessive drinking as a result of thirst.

Question 12

Polyphagia

Answer 12

excessive appetite or eating

Question 13

sulfonylureas

Answer 13

anti-diabetic drugs widely used in the management of type 2 diabetes. They act by increasing insulin release from the beta cells in the pancreas.