Ch. 5 Shoulder Girdle Flashcards
Shoulder Girdle consists of what?
Clavicle and Scapula
Acromial extremity (lateral end) of clavicle articulates with what?
Acromion on scapula (AC joint)
What is the AC joint?
Acromioclavicular
What is the SC joint?
Sternoclavicular joint (manubrium of sternum)
What does the Shoulder Girdle articulate with?
- Head of humerus (shoulder joint)
- Manubrium of sternum (SC joint)
- AC joint
What kind of bone is the Scapula?
Flat bone
Sternal exremity (medial end) of clavicle articulates with what?
The manubrium of the sternum (SC joint)
what is the lateral thickened end of the scapular spine called (the most lateral part of the scapula)?
Acromion
What positions can you image the shoulder girdle?
Upright or recumbent
For ID markers, what side do you want to mark on the patient, the affected side or unaffected side?
Affected Side marked
What is the respiration for most exposures of the shoulder?
Suspended respiration
What is the breathing technique that is used for the Transthoracic lateral projection?
Patient breathes normally through exposure, and technologist uses low mA with a long exposure time
What is the other name for the Transthoracic Projection?
Lawrence method
AP Projection Internal Rotation of Shoulder positioning?
- Rotate patient slightly toward affected shoulder
- body of scapula parllel to IR
- flex elbow slightly
- Humeral epicondyles must be perpendicular to IR
- CR enteres 1 in. below coracoid process
AP Projection External Rotation of Shoulder positioning?
- Rotate patient slightly toward affected shoulder
- body of scapula parallel to IR
- flex elbow slightly
- Humeral epicondyles are parallel to IR
- 1 in below coracoid process
AP Projection Neutral Position of Shoulder
- Patient’s palm rest against their thigh (this places epicondyles 45 degrees to IR)
- Center 1 in. below coracoid process
AP Oblique (Greyshey) Positioning
- 35-45 degrees posterior oblique position
- affected shoulder closer to IR
- rotation of patient should place scapula parallel to IR
- Head of humerus will be in contact with IR
Why is the Greyshey projection done?
It is done to see the glenoid humeral joint (opens up this joint space)
Centering for greyshey projection of shoulder?
- Center is perpendicular to glenoid cavity
- enters 2 in. medial and inferior to superlateral border of shoulder
Transthoracic Lateral projection is used for what type of patients?
Trauma patients who can not rotate or abduct their arm
Positioning of Transthoracic Lateral projection
- Supine or upright lateral
- Affected limb closer to the IR
- Unaffected limb elevated over head
- Center surgical neck of humerus to IR
- CR enters midcoronal plane at surgical neck
If shoulders are in the same plane for the Transthoracic projection, what is done to the CR?
CR is angled 10-15 degrees towards the head
If the greater tubercle is in profile, which position is the humerus in for the AP Shoulder projection?
External Rotation
What is in profile for the Internal Rotation of the humerus for an AP shoulder projection?
Lesser Tubercle is in profile
What is the most anterior bony projection of the scapula?
Coracoid process
Where on the scapula is the scapular notch?
Near the lateral end of the superior border
What bone forms the anterior part of the shoulder girdle?
Clavicle
What are the three shoulder girdle articulations?
- Scapulohumeral
- acromioclavicular
- sternoclavicular
What are the joint types for each articulation of the shoulder girdle?
- Scapulohumeral: ball and socket
- AC and SC joint: gliding
What bone articulates with the glenoid cavity?
Humerus
What bone articulates with the medial end of the clavicle?
Sternum
Which borders of the scapula unite to form the superior angle?
- medial 2. lateral 3. superior
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1 and 3 only (medial and superior borders)
Which portion of the scapula articulates with the humeral head?
a. acromion
b. coracoid process
c. coronoid process
d. glenoid fossa
d. Glenoid fossa
How should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in internal rotation?
a. Parallel
b. Perpendicular
c. 45 degrees lateral oblique
d. 45 degrees medial oblique
B. perpendicular
Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile?
AP projection with external rotation
Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the humeral head in profile?
AP projection with external rotation
Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile and pointing toward the glenoid cavity?
AP projection with internal rotation
