Ch. 3 Flashcards
Processes or Projections
Bone markings and features
Extend beyond or project out from the main body of a bone
Derpressions
Hollow or depressed areas
Fractures
A break in a bone
Condyle
Rounded process at an articular end
Coracoid or coronoid
Beaklike or crownlike process
Crest
Ridgelike process
Epicondyle
Projection above a condyle
Facet
Small, smooth-surfaced articular process
Hamulus
Hook-shaped process
Head
Expanded end of a long bone
Horn
Hornlike process
Line
Linear elevation; not as prominent as a crest
Malleolus
Club-shaped process
Protuberance
Projecting prominence
Spine
Sharp process
Trochanter
Two large, rounded and elevated processes of the proximal femur
Tuberocity
Large, rounded, elevated process
Foramen
Hole in a bone for transmission of vessels and nerves
Nondisplaced Fracture
Bones broken but still in alignment
Displaced Fracture
Bones broken and out of alignment
Compression Fracture
Fall, coming down on your feet; spine fracture
Compound Fracture
Serious fracture, comes through the skin, open
*Most complicated/severe fracture
Comminuted (open) Fracture
Fracture site has bone particles
Greenstick Fracture
Nondisplaced; Similar to breaking a limb of a tree; does not break all the way through
Impacted Fracture
Similar to compression; looks different though
Transverse Fracture
Fractured at an angle through the bone
Spiral (Oblique) Fracture
Fractured diagonally through the bone
Simple Fracture
Broken, nondisplaced
Trendelenburg’s Body Position
Supine with the head lower than the feet
Fowler’s position
Supine with the head elevated
Sims’ position
Recumbent w. patient lying on left anterior side w. left leg extended and right knee and thigh partially flexed
Lithotomy position
Supine w. knees and hips flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally, supported by ankle support
Lateral position
Named according to the side of the patient that is placed CLOSER to the IR
Oblique Postion
Body is rotated so that coronal plane is not parallel w. the table or IR
*Angle of rotation is specific for anatomy of interest
Decubitus Position
Recumbent position w. horizontal CR
*Named according to the body surface on which patient is lying
Lordotic postion
Upright position in which the patient is leaning backward
Supination
Rotation of forearm so that palm is up
Pronation
Rotation of forearm so that palm is down
