Ch. 5: Managing the Project Scope

Question 1

A planning heuristic for creating the WBS. This rule states the work package in a WBS must take no more than 80 hours of labor to create and no less than eight hours of labor to create.

Answer 1

8/80 Rule

Question 2

A scope definition process of finding alternative solutions for the project customer while considering the customer’s satisfaction, the cost of the solution, and how the customer may use the product in operations.

Answer 2

Alternative identification

Question 3

Documented in the scope management plan, this system defines how changes to the project scope may be allowed.

Answer 3

Change control system

Question 4

A hierarchical numbering system for each item in the WBS. The PMBOK is a good example of a code of accounts, as each chapter and its subheadings follow a logical numbering scheme. For example, PMBOK 5.3.3.2 identifies an exact paragraph in the PMBOK.

Answer 4

Code of accounts

Question 5

This is the study of the functions within a system, project, or, what’s more likely in the project scope statement, the product the project will be creating. Functional analysis studies the goals of the product, how the product will be used, and the expectations the customer has of the product once it leaves the project and moves into operations. Functional analysis may also consider the cost of the product in operations, which is known as life cycle costing.

Answer 5

Functional analysis

Question 6

Most projects have a determined budget in relation to the project scope. There may be a qualifier on this budget, such as plus or minus 10 percent based on the type of cost estimate created.

Answer 6

Fund limitation

Question 7

The project scope statement identifies the project team and the key stakeholders. In some organizations, especially on larger projects, the team organization and structure is also documented.

Answer 7

Initial project organization

Question 8

This project scope statement component works with the project requirements, but focuses specifically on the product and what the conditions and processes are for formal acceptance of the product.

Answer 8

Product acceptance criteria

Question 9

A scope definition technique that breaks down a product into a hierarchical structure, much like a WBS breaks down a project scope.

Answer 9

Product breakdown

Question 10

Defines the product or service that will come about as a result of completing the project.

Answer 10

Product scope

Question 11

This is a narrative on what the project is creating as a deliverable for the project customer.

Answer 11

Product scope description

Question 12

A project assumption is anything that is held to be true but not proven to be true.

Answer 12

Project assumptions

Question 13

A project boundary clearly states what is included with the project and what’s excluded from the project. This helps to eliminate assumptions between the project management team and the project customer.

Answer 13

Project boundaries

Question 14

A constraint is anything that limits the project manager’s options. Consider a predetermined budget, deadline, resources, or materials the project manager must use within the project—these are all examples of project constraints.

Answer 14

Project constraints

Question 15

These are the measurable goals that determine a project’s acceptability by the project customer and the overall success of the project. Objectives often include the cost, schedule, technical requirements, and quality demands.

Answer 15

Project objectives

Question 16

These are the demands set by the customer, regulations, or the performing organization that must exist for the project deliverables to be acceptable. Requirements are often prioritized in a number of ways, from must have, should have, and would like to have.

Answer 16

Project requirements

Question 17

This defines all of the work, and only the required work, to complete the project objectives.

Answer 17

Project scope

Question 18

This project management subsidiary plan controls how the scope will be defined, how the project scope statement will be created, how the WBS will be created, how scope verification will proceed, and how the project scope will be controlled throughout the project.

Answer 18

Project scope management plan

Question 19

The project customer may have specific dates when phases of the project should be completed. These milestones are often treated as project constraints.

Answer 19

Schedule milestones

Question 20

Undocumented, unapproved changes to the project scope.

Answer 20

Scope creep

Question 21

The formal inspection of the project deliverables, which leads to project acceptance.

Answer 21

Scope verification

Question 22

A scope definition process where the project management team interviews the stakeholders and categorizes, prioritizes, and documents what the project customer wants and needs. Stakeholder analysis demands quantification of stakeholder objectives; goals such as “good”, “satisfaction”, and “speedy” aren’t quantifiable.

Answer 22

Stakeholder analysis

Question 23

This project scope statement creation process studies how a system should work, designs and creates a system model, and then enacts the working system based on the project’s goals and the customer’s expectations. Systems engineering aims to balance the time and cost of the project in relation to the scope of the project.

Answer 23

Systems engineering

Question 24

A scope definition approach that studies and analyzes a system, its components, and the relationship of the components within the system.

Answer 24

Systems analysis

Question 25

Like value engineering, this approach examines the functions of the project’s product in relation to the cost of the features and functions. This is where, to some extent, the grade of the product is in relationship to the cost of the product.

Answer 25

Value analysis

Question 26

This project scope statement creation approach attempts to find the correct level of quality in relation to a reasonable budget for the project deliverable while still achieving an acceptable level of performance of the product.

Answer 26

Value engineering

Question 27

A WBS companion document that defines all of the characteristics of each element within the WBS.

Answer 27

WBS dictionary

Question 28

A pre-populated WBS for repetitive projects. Previous projects’ WBSs are often used as templates for current similar projects.

Answer 28

WBS template

Question 29

A deliverables-orientated breakdown of the project scope.

Answer 29

Work breakdown structure (WBS)

Question 30

The smallest item in the WBS.

Answer 30

Work package