Ch 5 Classifying Buildings, Hybrid Era, Use Type And Size Considerations

Question 1

A 55 chapter publication that details how a buildings intended use and resulting required construction type are matched

Answer 1

NFPA 5000 - Building construction and safety code

Question 2

Four building construction factors to be considered when making risk and tactical decisions during suppression operations

Answer 2

• Era
• Use
• Type
• Size

Question 3

This type of building can be defined as a building that combines various NFPA 220 types into one structure OR a building that does not fit into any NFPA classification types

Answer 3

Hybrid (various)

Alternative Construction Methods (not fit into any)

Question 4

These are the four era’s of building construction

Answer 4

Historic era - Pre-WWI
Industrial era - Pre-WWII
Legacy era - Post WWII
engineered Lightweight era

HILL

Question 5

The legacy era can be characterized by how many types of buildings

Answer 5

4

Type I, II, III, and IV

Question 6

List the six size considerations EUTS

Answer 6

• Small
• Medium
• Large
• Big box
• Megabox
• High-rise

Question 7

In the 2-4-6 method, two equals

Answer 7

2 stories or less
2000 ft.² or less
200 feet or less (hand Line)
2 hand lines or less

Question 8

In the 2-4-6 method, 4 equals:

Answer 8

4 stories or less
4000 ft.² or less
400 feet or less (hand Line)
4 handlines or less

Question 9

In the 2-4-6 method 6 equals:

Answer 9

6 stories or less
6000 ft.² or more
Greater than 600 feet of hand lines
6 hand lines or more

Question 10

These type of buildings are large box type buildings, with noteworthy fire loads that can easily exhaust the resources of many fire departments. Can require resources that most fire departments cannot supply without outside assistance.

Answer 10

Big Box

Question 11

These type of buildings can be defined as buildings with mammoth proportions. These require resources that most fire departments cannot supply without a significant amount of mutual/automatic aid.

Answer 11

Mega-box

(Mammoth/mutual)

Question 12

Book definition of high-rise

Answer 12

Vertical height of building exceed 75 feet and/or 7 to 8 floors

Question 13

These are designed to give building occupants a reasonable chance to escape a building when fire breaks out

Answer 13

Occupancy requirements

Question 14

______ is usually ACCOMPLISHED by using an approved fire barrier that meets a given time requirement (like a fire door and firewall) in order to mix various construction types in the same building

Answer 14

Occupancy separation

Question 15

This is an exterior wall plate, which indicates the use of ties within the building to help keep the walls true and tight to floors. The rod has a turnbuckle to make adjustments and use either an oversize flat washer, or more elaborate stars, swirls, or other decorative shapes

Answer 15

Spreader

Question 16

These are also visible in the exterior loadbearing walls, but are typically smaller than spreaders, and are simply designed to help hold a wood floor beam in a wall pocket. Most of these are nothing more than a lag screw or L-shaped hook with a flat washer or small square plate. Often called joist or rafter tie plates

Answer 16

Anchors

Question 17

The _____ building is arguably, the most firefighter friendly building from a collapse potential perspective

Answer 17

Legacy

Question 18

If the Legacy era has an Achilles heel, it would have to be the ______

Answer 18

Roof

Question 19

Regardless of where it is listed in the building classification consideration, this is the first consideration made when someone wants to build a structure

Answer 19

Use

e U t s

Question 20

Ability to determine the type of construction will aid in determining the following three primary building attributes:

Answer 20

• relevant Strength
• Time available for interior operations
• Time building will resist collapse

S T T

Question 21

Small, moderate, and large are relative terms that can be different things based on SIX considerations

Answer 21

• Perception of the individual
• Footprint or single floor square footage
• Interior arrangement
• Number of floors
• Amount of available resources
• Size of the fire

Question 22

Rapid size up of a commercial building can be more difficult due to three primary factors that are not inherent to common residential-type buildings

Answer 22

• Size
• Contents
• Potential lack of people
  after business hours

Question 23

This era had the first high-rises built, buildings showed warning signs before collapse (self-announcing), interior aggressive firefighting evolved from these buildings and entire blocks destroyed by fire

Answer 23

Historic (Pre-WWI)

(Historic - High Rise)

Question 24

When referring to a transom, this is the vertical structural member between the panes of glass

Answer 24

Mullion

Question 25

The defining characteristic of the Industrial-era building was ____.

Answer 25

Sheer size

Question 26

Perhaps the greatest building achievement of the Industrial Era was that of ____

Answer 26

Roof engineering

Question 27

A fire officer may conclude that most anything after ____ is likely to be an Engineered Lightweight Building (ELB)

Answer 27

1990

Question 28

These features are VERY common to residential-type buildings

Answer 28

Daylight or walkout basements

Question 29

What are three items that are combining to rapidly change the building construction industry?

Answer 29

• Engineering breakthroughs
• Material technology advances
• Sustainable environmental initiatives

Question 30

This concept was introduced into code requirements to accommodate the desire to build a single structure for multiple uses and allows more architect/builder options.

Answer 30

Occupancy separation

Question 31

Occupancy uses

For an educational building, it is used for educational purposes of ____ or more people at any one time through the 12th grade and some daycare facilities

Answer 31

Six

Question 32

Occupancy uses

Buildings where people are cared for, or live in a supervised environment, because of health, age, medical treatment, or those detained for penal or correctional purposes

Answer 32

Institutional

Question 33

Occupancy uses

Buildings use for the display and sale of merchandise, and involving the stocking of goods that are accessible to the public

Answer 33

Mercantile

Question 34

Occupancy uses

Buildings used for offices, professional or service transactions, storage of records, or ambulatory healthcare

Answer 34

Business

Question 35

Fire and collapse issues for each of the occupancy groups are numerous yet somehow obvious. The building occupancy grouping can help clue the firefighter into ____.

Answer 35

Potential fire load

Question 36

When evaluating the size of a commercial building, this can be a great indicator of what can be expected inside a building

Answer 36

The name on the exterior

Question 37

What can be used to help to define the differences between small, medium, and large buildings for rapid size-up reports?

Answer 37

The 2-4-6 rule of thumb

Question 38

The application of complex building fire life safety codes actually helps the firefighter in Legacy era buildings. The Legacy era brought fire protection systems that were very helpful to Firefighters. The real issue was these two things:

Answer 38

• Water delivery system that could meet the demands of fires in large and/or numerous interior spaces
• Having enough Firefighters to move that system into the building

Question 39

The concept of this was introduced into code requirements to accommodate the desire to build a single structure for multiple uses.

Answer 39

Occupancy separation

Question 40

This allows more architect/builder options - creating flexible floor plans, money savings, and increased profits while still maintaining some life-safety/fire stop benefits.

Answer 40

Occupancy separation