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Kin 5100 > Ch 5 Body composisiton > Flashcards

Ch 5 Body composisiton Flashcards

1
Q

Classification purposes related to health, fitness and wellness

A

Relative body fat (%BF)

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2
Q

%BF spectrum for 20-29 year olds

A

Men
Minimal - 3.0%
Average - 13.5%
Excessive - >22.0%

Women
Minimal - 10.0%
Average - 20.0%
Excessive - >32.0%

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3
Q

Ideal %BF for men
Essential Fat
Athletes
Fitness
Average
Obese

A

Essential Fat - 2-5%
Athletes - 6-13%
Fitness - 14-17%
Average - 18-24%
Obese - 25% +

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4
Q

Ideal %BF for Women
Essential Fat
Athletes
Fitness
Average
Obese

A

Essential Fat - 10-13%
Athletes - 14-20%
Fitness - 21-24%
Average - 25-31%
Obese - 32% +

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5
Q

Assumptions for two component model
Fat + FFM

A

Density of fat = 0.901 gcc-1
Density of FFM = 1.10 gcc-1
Densities are same for everyone
Densities of various tissues are constant

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6
Q

Indirect measurement of subcutaneous body fat
Invasive method

A

Skinfold Method (3-4% ME)

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7
Q

3 Skinfold sites for male and female

A

Male - chest abdomen and thigh
Female - Triceps suprailiac and thigh

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8
Q

Major sources of error for skinfolds

A

Technician Skill
Type of SKF caliper
Client factors

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9
Q

Noninvasive
Uses many of same sites as SKF
Hand-held want sends and receives sound signals

A

Ultrasound

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10
Q

Conversion of sum of wanted site subcutaneous fat similar to sum SKF to %BF

Proprietary derivations to sum SKF equations

A

A-mode ultrasound

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11
Q

Bands depict tissue depth and interfaces

Standard SKF sites %body position inappropriate for estimating %BF

Interpretation of results is main challenge

A

B-mode ultrasound

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12
Q

Sources of error in ultrasound

A

Technician
Mode of Ultrasound
Signal frequency
Sound speed

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13
Q

Combination of pairs of sending and receiving electrodes

Tissues either interfere or conduct electrical currents

A

Bioelectrical impedance analysis

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14
Q

Assumptions for BIA

A

body is perfect cylinder

Tissues are current conductors or insulators; current seeks path of least resistance

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15
Q

Is skinfold or Bioelectrical impedance analysis better for someone who is obese

A

bioelectrical impedance analysis (due to excessive adipose tissue)

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16
Q

bioelectrical impedance analysis sources of measurement error

A

Analyzer being used
Client Factors
Technician skill
Environmental factors
FFM prediction equation

17
Q

Anthropometric methods

A

Based on body size and proportions
Assists in classifying disease risk
Methods: Body mass index, circumferences, skeletal size

18
Q

BMI classifications
Underweight
Normal Weight
Overweight
Obeisty
Class 1
2
3

A

Underweight - <18.5
Normal Weight - 18.5-24.9
Overweight - 25.0-29.9
Obeisty
Class 1 - 30.0-34.9
2 - 35.0-39.9
3 - >40

19
Q

Is body comp taken into account with body mass index

A

No

20
Q

Measures of girth
Affected by everything beneath the tape measure
Use anthropometric tape measure to increase accuracy

A

Circumfrences

21
Q

Measure of abdominal adiposity
No standard waist location

A

Waist circumference

22
Q

Navy tape measure method
Mens body fat calculation

A

Abdominal-neck=circumference value

23
Q

Navy tape measure method
Womens body fat calculation

A

Waist+hips-neck=circumference value

24
Q

Sources of measurement error for anthropometric methods

A

Equipment
Technician skill
Client factors

25
Q

How to calculate Waist to hip Ratio

A

Divide waist circumference by your hip circumference

26
Q

Estimates body volume

Requires total body submersion

body density= total mass/body volume

Residual lung volume measurement increases acuracy

A

Hydrostatic weighing
gold standard

27
Q

Proportions of FFM constituents that are assumed constant for everyone in hydrostatic weighing

A

Water - 73.8%
Protein - 19.4%
Mineral - 6.8%

28
Q

based on byles law of pressure volume relationships

A

Air Displacement Plethysmography
Bod Pod

29
Q

Best method to estimate mineral contribution to FFB

A

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)

Kin 5100 (16 decks)

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