Ch 5 Flashcards
External events or situations that place physical or psychological demands on us
Stressor
Internal psychological or physiological response to a stressor
Stress
A condition involving reactions to life stressors that are disproportionate to the severity or intensity of the event or situation
Adjustment disorder
A condition characterized by flashbacks, hypervigilance, and avoidance symptoms that last up to 1 month after exposure to a traumatic stressor
Acute stress disorder
A condition characterized by flashbacks, hypervigilance, avoidance, and other symptoms that last for more than 1 month and that occur as a result of exposure to extreme trauma.
Post-traumatic stress disorder
A state of ongoing anxiety in which the person is constantly tense and alert for threats
Hypervigilance
The brain structure associated with the processing, expression, and memory of emotions, especially anger and fear
Amygdala
The system involved in stress and trauma reactions and regulation of body processes such as “fight or flight” responses
Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis
A hormone released by the adrenal gland in response to physical or mental stress; also known as adrenaline
Epinephrine
A hormone released by the adrenal gland in response to stress
Cortisol
Elimination of conditioned fear responses associated with trauma
Fear extinction
An approach incorporating imaginary and real-life exposure to trauma-related cues
Prolonged exposure therapy
A therapeutic approach that helps clients identify and challenge dysfunctional cognitions about a traumatic event
Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy
A therapy for PTSD involving visualization of the traumatic experience combined with, rapid, rhythmic eye movement
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Any physical disorder that has a strong psychological basis or component
Psychophysiological disorder
A condition involving the narrowing of cardiac arteries, resulting in the restriction or partial blockage of the flow of the blood and oxygen to the heart
Coronary heart disease
A condition involving the progressive thickening and hardening of the walls of arteries due to an accumulation of fats and cholesterol
Atherosclerosis
The measurement of force of the blood against the walls of the arteries
Blood pressure
The normal amount of the force exerted by the blood against the artery walls; systolic pressure is less than 120 and diastolic pressure is less than 80
Normal blood pressure
The force on blood vessels when the heart contracts
Systolic pressure
The arterial force exerted when the heart is relaxed and the ventricles of the heart are filling with blood
Diastolic pressure
A chronic condition, which increases risk of stroke and heart disease, characterized by a systolic blood pressure of 140 or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 or higher
Hypertension
A condition beleived to be a precursor to hypertension, stroke, and heart disease, characterized by systolic blood pressure of 120 to 139 and diastolic pressure from 80 to 89
Prehypertension
Moderate to severe head pain resulting from abnormal brain activity affecting the cranial blood vessels and nerves
Migraine headache
A visual or physical sensation (tingling of an extremity or flashes of light) that precedes a headache
Aura
Head pain produced by prolonged contraction of the scalp and neck muscles, resulting in constriction of the blood vessels and steady pain
Tension headache
Excruciating stabbing or burning sensations located in the eye or cheek
Cluster headache
A chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in the lungs
Asthma
Sympathetic nervous system part of the nervous system that automatically performs functions such as increasing heart rate, constricting blood vessels, and raising blood pressure
Sympathetic nervous system
A therapeutic technique in which a person acquires the ability to relax the muscles of the body in almost any circumstance
Relaxation training
A physiological and behavioral approach in which an individual receives information regarding particular automatic functions and is rewarded for influencing those functions in the desired direction
Biofeedback training
