Ch 11 Flashcards
Schizophrenia
A disorder characterized by severely impaired cognitive process, personality disintegration, mood disturbances, and social with drawls
Schizophrenia spectrum
A group of disorders that range in severity and that have similar clinical features, including some degree of reality distortion
Psychosis
A condition involving loss of contact with or distorted view of reality, including disorganized thinking, false beliefs, or seeing or hearing things that are not there
Positive symptoms
Symptoms of schizophrenia that involve unusual thoughts or perceptions, such as delusions hallucinations disordered thinking or bizarre behavior
Delusions
A false belief that is firmly and consistently held
Paranoid ideation
Suspiciousness about the actions or motives of others
Persecutory delusions
Beliefs Of being targeted by others
Hallucination
A sensory experience (such as an image, sound, smell, or taste) that seems real but that does not exist outside of the mind
Cognitive symptoms
Symptoms of schizophrenia associated with problems with attention, memory, and developing a plan of action
Loosening of associations
Continual shifting from topic to topic without any apparent logical or meaningful connection between thoughts
Catatonia
A condition characterized by marked disturbance in motor activity either extreme excitement or motoric inability
Negative symptoms
Symptoms of schizophrenia associated with an inability or decreased ability to initiate actions or speech, express emotions, or feel pressure
Avolition
Lack of motivation; an inability to take action or become goal oriented
Alogia
Lack of meaningful speech
Asociality
Minimal interest in social relationships
Anhedonia
Inability to experience pleasure from previously enjoyed activities
Diminished emotional expression
Reduced display of observable verbal and nonverbal behaviors that communicate internal emotions
Premorbid
Before the onset of major symptoms
Endophenotypes
Measurable characteristics (neurochemical, endocrinological, neuroanatomical, cognitive, or neuropsychological) That can give clues regarding the specific genes involved in a disorder
Dopamine hypothesis
The suggestion that schizophrenia may result from excess dopamine activity at certain synaptic sites
Expressed emotion
A negative communication pattern found among some relatives of individuals with schizophrenia
Pre-frontal lobotomy
A surgical procedure in which the frontal lobe’s are disconnected from the remainder of the brain
First generation antipsychotics
A group of medications originally developed to combat psychotic symptoms by reducing dopamine levels in the brain; also called conventional or typical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics
Newer antipsychotic medications that are chemically different and less likely to produce the side effects associated with first generation antipsychotics
Extrapyramidial Symptoms
Side effects such as restlessness, involuntary movements, and muscular tension produced by antipsychotic medications
Metabolic syndrome
A medical condition associated with obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, and hypertension
Delusional disorder
Persistent delusions without other unusual or odd behaviors; tactile and olfactory hallucinations related to the delusions theme maybe present
Brief psychotic disorder
Psychotic episodes with a duration of at least one day but less than one month
Schizophreniform disorder
Psychotic episode with the duration of at least one month but less than six months
Schizoaffective disorder
A condition involving the existence of both symptoms of schizophrenia and major depressive or manic symptoms
