Ch. 5& 6 Flashcards
Apgar index
Hr, respiration
Muscle and skin tone
Reflexes
Perinatal period
Birth at 38 weeks
Stages of labour
1: contractions, enlargement of cervix, 8-16hrs
2: actual birth
3: placenta
Hypoxia
Low levels of oxygen
C section
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of CSF in head
Soft head expands,swells, pressure
Can result in neuro complications
Cultural attitudes of birth
Western: medical model
Other: natural model
2 risks babies face
Physical malformations
Risk for dev delays, cog and soc probs: at risk
Indicators of at risk babies
Maternal and family: poor prenatal care, nutrition, drug use, education, etc
Physical: low birth weight
Performance on beh assessments
SGA
Small for gestational age:
Preterm babies
What is normal weight for that time: less than 10 % of that
Low birth weight at full term
Less than 5.5 lbs
Neonatal beh scale
Attention and social responsiveness
Muscle tone and phys movement
Control of alertness (habituation, excitation, etc
Physiological response to stress
More int with env
Congenitally organized beh
Behaviours that dont require specific external stimulation and are more adaptable than simple reflexes
Looking: examine surroundings
Sucking: exploration, buffer pain and overstimulation
Crying: convey hunger, emotions, influences early social relationships
Average vs normal
Average: a number
Normal: a range
Physical dev 2 categories
Postural dev and locomotion
Prehension
Postural dev and locomotion
Control of body, especially head and trunk and limbs gradually over time
Prehension
Control of hands and fingers for grasping
Eating, building, exploring
Motor dev proceeds in
Proximodistal and cephalocauda direction
Procimodistal
Near to far
Parts at centre controlled first than distal
(Arms than fingers)
Cephalocaudal
From head to tail
Parts near the head are controlled first
Ex, child lifts head on belly, then sit with stabilized trunk, rolling to crawling, stand then walk (milestones)
Reaching and grasping
4-9 months
By 1 yr can hold a crayon
By 6yrs can tie shoes
Ulnar and pincer
Posture and balance
Calibration of visual cues, inner ear
Top heavy
Must constantly be recalibrated as infant grows
