Ch. 5& 6

Question 1

Apgar index

Answer 1

Hr, respiration
Muscle and skin tone
Reflexes

Question 2

Perinatal period

Answer 2

Birth at 38 weeks

Question 3

Stages of labour

Answer 3

1: contractions, enlargement of cervix, 8-16hrs
2: actual birth
3: placenta

Question 4

Hypoxia

Answer 4

Low levels of oxygen

C section

Question 5

Hydrocephalus

Answer 5

Accumulation of CSF in head
Soft head expands,swells, pressure
Can result in neuro complications

Question 6

Cultural attitudes of birth

Answer 6

Western: medical model
Other: natural model

Question 7

2 risks babies face

Answer 7

Physical malformations

Risk for dev delays, cog and soc probs: at risk

Question 8

Indicators of at risk babies

Answer 8

Maternal and family: poor prenatal care, nutrition, drug use, education, etc

Physical: low birth weight

Performance on beh assessments

Question 9

SGA

Answer 9

Small for gestational age:
Preterm babies
What is normal weight for that time: less than 10 % of that

Question 10

Low birth weight at full term

Answer 10

Less than 5.5 lbs

Question 11

Neonatal beh scale

Answer 11

Attention and social responsiveness
Muscle tone and phys movement
Control of alertness (habituation, excitation, etc
Physiological response to stress

More int with env

Question 12

Congenitally organized beh

Answer 12

Behaviours that dont require specific external stimulation and are more adaptable than simple reflexes

Looking: examine surroundings
Sucking: exploration, buffer pain and overstimulation
Crying: convey hunger, emotions, influences early social relationships

Question 13

Average vs normal

Answer 13

Average: a number
Normal: a range

Question 14

Physical dev 2 categories

Answer 14

Postural dev and locomotion

Prehension

Question 15

Postural dev and locomotion

Answer 15

Control of body, especially head and trunk and limbs gradually over time

Question 16

Prehension

Answer 16

Control of hands and fingers for grasping

Eating, building, exploring

Question 17

Motor dev proceeds in

Answer 17

Proximodistal and cephalocauda direction

Question 18

Procimodistal

Answer 18

Near to far
Parts at centre controlled first than distal
(Arms than fingers)

Question 19

Cephalocaudal

Answer 19

From head to tail
Parts near the head are controlled first

Ex, child lifts head on belly, then sit with stabilized trunk, rolling to crawling, stand then walk (milestones)

Question 20

Reaching and grasping

Answer 20

4-9 months
By 1 yr can hold a crayon
By 6yrs can tie shoes
Ulnar and pincer

Question 21

Posture and balance

Answer 21

Calibration of visual cues, inner ear
Top heavy
Must constantly be recalibrated as infant grows