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ns and behavior > Ch 5 > Flashcards

Ch 5 Flashcards

1
Q

4 components of neuron

A

Soma
Dendrites
Axon
Presynaptic terminal

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2
Q

2 types of neurons in vertebrates

A

Bipolar
Multipolar

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3
Q

T/F: pseudounipolar cells have 2 axons (from PNS-CNS) and no dendrites

A

T

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4
Q

T/F: biopolar neurons have multiple dendrites and a single axon

A

F: single dendritic root and axon
(definition is for multipolar)

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5
Q

What is the most common type of neuron in vertebrates?

A

Multipolar

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6
Q

Multipolar neurons are mostly ___ neurons, while pseudounipolar are ___ neurons

A

Motor (spinal)
Sensory

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7
Q

4 types of membrane channels

A

Leak
Modality-gated
Ligand-gated
Voltage-gated

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8
Q

Which type of membrane channel does diffusion of sm ions?

A

Leak channels

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9
Q

Which type of membrane channel is specific to sensory neurons (responds to touch, pressure and stretch)?

A

Modality-gated channel

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10
Q

T/F: voltage-gated channel opens bc neurotransmitter binds to surface

A

F: Ligand-gated channel

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11
Q

What is the typical resting potential of a neuron?

A

-70 mV (more negative inside than out)

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12
Q

How is (-) resting membrane potential maintained?

A

(-) charged molec (anion) trapped inside bc too lrg
Passive diffusion (leak)
Na, K pumps

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13
Q

In Na K pump, ___ K in and ___ Na out?

A

2
3

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14
Q

T/F: hyperpolarization is when the potential is more (-) than resting potential

A

T

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15
Q

Depolarization is ___ and hyperpolarization is ___

A

Excitatory (more likely to send signal)
Inhibitory

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16
Q

T/F: local potentials result in depolarization which then leads to action potentials

A

T

17
Q

Conduction starts w/ local potentials at receiving site of neuron. In sensory neurons they are located ___. Motor neurons and interneurons?

A

Sensory receptors
Postsynaptic membrane

18
Q

T/F: local potential is able to spread signal long distance

A

F: short
(action potential= long distance, repeated signal)

19
Q

2 types of adaptations in neurons that allow faster conduction velocity

A

Inc diameter of neuron
Myelinated

20
Q

3 steps to prod action potential

A
  1. rapid depolarization bc Na channels open
  2. dec in Na conduction bc channel closed
  3. rapid repolarization bc K channels open
21
Q

T/F: afferent sends motor information from the CNS to body

A

F: sensory (from body to brain)

22
Q

T/F: neuronal convergence is where single axon branches terminate multiple cells

A

F: divergence

23
Q

T/F: neuronal divergence is an output of 1 neuron to multiple neurons, and neuronal convergence is an input from multiple neurons to 1 neuron

A

T

24
Q

What are the types of glial cells?

A

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann (myelinating)
Astrocytes (signaling)
Microglial (defending)

25
Q

What are the func of myelinating glial cells in CNS and PNS?

A

Oligodendrocyte provide myelins sheath in CNS

Schwann cells provide myelin in PNS

26
Q

T/F unmyelinated neurons are partially myelinated

A

T

27
Q

What are the func of signaling glial cells in CNS?

A

Cell signaling (releases neurotransmitters)
Clean CNS (scavages)
Nourish (connect to blood vessels)
Play role in early development of CNS (provide pathway for migrating neurons)

28
Q

What are the func of defending glial cells in CNS?

A

Act as immune sys of CNS

29
Q

T/F: upper motor neuron (UMN) cell bodies reside in CNS and axons reside in PNS

A

F: lower motor neurons (LMN)

30
Q

T/F: UMN resides completely in CNS

A

T

31
Q

T/F: LMN tells UMN and interneurons what to do

A

F: UMN tells LMN and interneurons

32
Q

Medial region of cortex sensory and motor func

A

S: loss sensation LE

M: apraxia, hemiplegia (LE>UE), impaired gait

33
Q

Lateral region of cortex sensory and motor func

A

S: hemianesthesia of face, UE(>LE)

M: face and UE>LE, LE paresis/paralysis, face and UE impairment if striate arteries involved

34
Q

T/F: subcortical means deep to cerebellum

A

F: deep to cerebrum cortex

35
Q

What are the subcortical structures?

A

Projection fibers
Commissural
Association

36
Q

T/F: projection fibers send signals from cerebellum structures to cerebral cortex, and cerebral cortex to spinal cord

A

F: sends signal from subcortical structures

37
Q

T/F: association fibers connect homologous areas of the cerebral hemispheres

A

F: commissural fibers
(connect cortical regions w/in 1
hemisphere)

ns and behavior (7 decks)

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