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ns and behavior > Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Somatosensory pathways= 3 neuron pathways. What are they?

A

Sensory receptors->spinal cord

Spinal cord->brainstem

Brainstem -> thalamus

Thalamus->cerebral cortex

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2
Q

Sensory info from musculoskeletal sys is called

A

Proprioception and nociception

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3
Q

T/F: proprioception provides info about stretch of musc, tension in tendons and deep vibrations

A

T

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4
Q

Where are sensory neurons located?

A

Distal ends of peripheral neurons

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5
Q

What are the somatosensory receptors

A

Mechanoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Thermoreceptors

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6
Q

T/F: mechanoreceptors respond to substances released by cells

A

F: Chemoreceptors
(mech respond to mechanical deformation of receptor by touch, pressure, stretch or vibration

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7
Q

What somatosensory receptor responds to heating/cooling?

A

Thermoreceptors

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8
Q

What do nociceptors interpret

A

Pain

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9
Q

Tonic receptors ___ the entire time stim= present

Phasic receptors ___while stim= present

A

Responds

Stop responding

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10
Q

Somatosensory 1st order are located ___ and are ___ and have 2 axons

A

Outside the spinal cord in dorsal root ganglia

Pseudounipolar

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11
Q

What is a receptive field?

A

Area of skin innervated by single afferent neuron

Larger proximally and smaller distally

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12
Q

T/F: nociception includes vibrations, skin stretch and skin pressure

A

F: Subsensations (light touch)

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13
Q

Free nerve endings respond to __ touch

A

Coarse (nociception and temp)

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14
Q

Touch info= ___ and ___

A

Light touch
Coarse touch (tickle, itch)

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15
Q

Nociceptros respond to stim that

A

Damage/threaten tissue

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16
Q

T/F: thermal receptors respond to warmth/cold w/in temp that damages tissue

A

F: temp that doesn’t damage tissues

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17
Q

Dermatomes= used to diagnose radiculopathy. What is radiculopathy?

A

Lesion affecting a single nerve root

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18
Q

If a lesion involves peripheral n, sensory impairment =___

A

In the distribution of peripheral n

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19
Q

If a lesion involves spinal nerve root, sensory impairment= ___

A

In distribution of dermatome

20
Q

The sensory organ in a musc is called ___, and consists of musc fibers, sensory endings and motor endings?

A

Musc spindle

21
Q

The sensory endings of musc spindle respond to

A

Stretch (change in musc length and vel of length change)

22
Q

Central region of musc spindle = __ for sensory endings to detect musc strength

A

Taut

23
Q

Intra vs extrafusal fibers

A

In= musc fibers in spindle

Ex= musc fibers outside spindle

24
Q

T/F: when you stretch musc, extrafusal fibers stretch

A

F: intrafusal

25
Q

T/F: intramural fibers= contractile @ end while central region cannot contract

A

T

26
Q

Types of intramural fibers:
Nuclear bag fibers = ___

Nuclear chain fibers = ___

A

Clump nuclei in central region

Nuclei arranged single file

27
Q

For spindles to monitor musc length and rate of change in length, what 2 sensory endings are required?

A

Primary and secondary endings

28
Q

T/F: primary endings= type Ia afferent, secondary endings= type afferents

A

T

29
Q

T/F: primary endings wrap around central region

A

T

30
Q

T/F: tonic discharge is max during quick and fades quickly

A

F: phasic discharge

(sustained during constant stretch)

31
Q

When can musc, spindle = ___

A

Slack -> sensory endings insensitive to stretch

32
Q

GTO transmits info to spinal cord by ___

A

Type Ib afferents

33
Q

Ruffini’s endings respond more to __ than ___

A

Passive than active mvts

34
Q

T/F: pancini corpuscles in joints respond to mvt and are silent when joint pos= constant

A

T

35
Q

Free nerve endings are stimulated mostly by

A

Inflammation

36
Q

Afferents associated with joint receptor:

A

Lig receptors- type Ib

Ruffini’s and paciniform endings- type II

Free nerve endings- type III and IV

37
Q

Large diameter afferents transfer info from which receptors? Med sized afferents? Small?

A

Musc, tendon and joints

Joint capsule, musc spindles, cutaneous touch, stretch and pressure receptors

Nociceptive and temp info from musculoskel and skin

38
Q

How to classify somatosensory axons

A

Roman numeral for musculoskel axons

Letters for axons conveying fro fr skin

39
Q

What is a dysfunct/pathology of one/more peripheral n?

A

Neuropathy

40
Q

Sensory loss proceeds in order of descending axon diameter:

A

Conscious proprioception and light touch

Cold

Fast nociception (sharp pain)

Heat

Slow nociception (aching pain)

41
Q

T/F: after compression of nerve, sensations return in same order they were lost

A

F: reverse order

42
Q

What is an incoordination that is not due to weakness?

A

Ataxia

43
Q

What are the types of ataxia?

A

Sensory, vestibular and cerebellar

44
Q

What test do you use for cerebellar ataxia?

A

Rhomberg

45
Q

T/F: those with cerebellar ataxia have better balance than sensory ataxia when eyes open

A

F: sensory ataxia have better balance

ns and behavior (7 decks)

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