Ch 4D - Airspace Flashcards
Class G airspace and ATC
ATC does not exercise control of air traffic in uncontrolled (class G) airspace
Class G airspace typically extends from
the surface to 700 or 1,200 feet AGL (sometimes 14,500 ft AGL)
A transponder is
an electronic device that enhances your aircrafts identity on an ATC radar screen
FAR’s require that you have an operating 4,096-code transponder with
Mode C capability when flying at or above 10,000 ft MSL (excluding airspace at and below 2,500 ft AGL) in Class A, B, within 30 nautical miles of B primary airports and in and above C
Communication requirements in Class E
no com requirements, but can request traffic advisory services that ATC provides on a work-load permitting basis
Federal or victor airways
in class E airspace, are usually 8 nm wide, begin at 1,200 ft AGL and extend up to but not including 18,000 ft MSL
Prior to entering Class D airspace
must establish two-way radio com with the tower and maintain radio contact during all operations to, from, or on that airport
Prior to entering class C airspace
you must establish two-way com with ATC and maintain com while operating within that airspace, ATC provides radar service to all IFR and VFR aircraft
Class B airspace displayed
major airports, has different levels portrayed as a series of interconnected circular patterns around the airport
Prior to entering Class B
you are required to obtain clearance from ATC
Operating in Class B
must be at least a private pilot or a student pilot with the appropriate logbook endorsement
VFR in or around Class B
VFR terminal area charts will help significantly with orientation and navigation
VFR flyway planning charts
published on the reverse side of some VFR terminal charts, show VFR routes for transitioning around, under, and through class B airspace
Class A
18,000 ft MSL to FL600, you must be instrument rated, and your aircraft must be transponder equipped, operated under and IFR flight plan, and controlled by ATC, altimeter must be set to 29.92 in Hg
A special VFR clearance must be obtained from
ATC to operate within the surface areas of Class B, C, D, or E when the ground visibility is less than 3 SM and the cloud ceiling is less than 1,000 ft AGL
FAA aircraft speed restrictions
at airspace of lower alt, especially in the vicinity of airports
Alert areas
on aeronautical charts, inform of parachute jumping, glider towing, or high concentrations of student pilots
MOA
Military operations areas, military training and other military maneuvers conducted
Warning areas
extend 3 NM outward from the coast of the US and contain activity that may be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft
Restricted areas
often have invisible hazards, artillery firing/aerial gunnery/guided missiles, permission to fly must be granted by the controlling agency
Prohibited areas
established for security, flight prohibited
Controlled firing area
activities discontinued when aircraft might be approaching the area
Local airport advisory area
extends 10 SM from airports in Alaska where there is an FSS located on the field and no operating control tower
MTR’s
Military training routes, established below 10,000 ft MSL for operations at speeds in excess of 250 kts
Temporary flight restrictions
imposed by FAA to protect persons or property on the surface or in the air from a specific hazard or situation
Emergency air traffic rules
established by the FAA immediatley after determining that, without such action, the air traffic control system could not operate at the required level of safety and efficiency
ADIZ’s
Air defense identification zones are established to facilitate identification of aircraft in the vicinity of US international airspace boundaries
Security related restricted airspace (TFR)
created in sensitive areas to protect persons or objects on the ground from general aviation, normally published as temporary flight restrictions (TFR)
Presidential TFR’s
Temporary flight restrictions, prohibit all flight training activity within 30 miles of the president and create 10 mile radius no fly zones that ban almost all general aviation activity
Washington DC Special Flight Rules Area
requires pilots to be in contact with ATC and squawking a discrete transponder code within 30 NM of DCA VOR up to 18,000 ft MSL, in the flight restrcited zone of 13-15 miles from DCA VOR general aviation is prohibited
Intercepted
rock wings and flash nav lights, tell ATC, if not in contact with ATC squawk 7700 and listen to emergency frequency 121.5 MHz, follow
VFR weather mins for G
1,200 ft AGL or less or below 10,000 ft MSL - day 1 SM vis and clear of clouds, night 3 SM vis and 500 ft below 1,000 ft above 2,000 ft horizontal clouds
At or above 10,000 ft MSL - 5 SM vis, 1,000 ft above and below 1 SM horizontal of clouds
When climbing or descending VFR along an airway
execute gentle banks left and right for continuous scanning of the airspace
VFR weather mins for E
Below 10,000 ft MSL - vis 3 SM, 500 ft below 1,000 ft above 2,000 ft horizontal of clouds
At or above 10,000 ft MSL - vis 5 SM, 1,000 ft above and below 1 SM horizontal of clouds
Airspace at an airport with a part-time control tower is classified as
Class D airspace only when the associated tower is in operation
VFR weather mins for D
vis 3 SM, 500 ft below 1,000 ft above 2,000 ft horizontal of clouds
VFR weather mins for C
vis 3 SM, 500 ft below 1,000 ft above 2,000 ft horizontal of clouds
VFR weather mins for B
vis 3 SM, clear of clouds
NO SVFR
included with airport data on sectional chart indicated that special VFR clearances are no issued to fixed wing aircraft
Scud running
when pilot pushes their capabilities trying to maintain visual contact with terrain in low visibility
