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Private Pilot > Ch 2B - Powerplant and Related Systems > Flashcards

Ch 2B - Powerplant and Related Systems Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

AC

A

Alternating Current - alternators produce

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2
Q

DC

A

Direct Current - alternator rectifier converts AC to DC

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3
Q

Turbine engine

A

Costly, powerful

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4
Q

Reciprocating engine

A

Converts fuel into mechanical energy within cylinders

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5
Q

Four-stroke operating cycle

A

intake of fuel/air mix, compression by the piston, ignition and expansion of the gas, venting of burned gas

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6
Q

Throttle control

A

Controls engine power by regulating the amount of fuel and air mixture that flows into the cylinders

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7
Q

Mixture control

A

Controls the fuel/air ratio

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8
Q

Intake port

A

Where outside air enters induction system

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9
Q

Carburetor

A

Mixes the incoming air with fuel and delivers it to the combustion chamber

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10
Q

Carburetor ice

A

Caused by fuel vaporization and decreasing air pressure in the venturi, more likely to occur below 21C(70F) and relative humidity above 80%, carburetor heat systems route air across heat source before entering carburetor

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11
Q

Supercharger

A

compresses incoming air using a pump driven by the engine

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12
Q

Constant speed propeller

A

adjusted in cockpit, manifold pressure gauge monitor engine output by displaying pressure in inches of mercury (Hg)

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13
Q

Constant speed propeller

A

adjusted in cockpit by propeller control, manifold pressure gauge monitor engine output by displaying pressure in inches of mercury (Hg) and propeller control sets engine RPM on the tachometer, low RPM and high manifold pressure causes engine stress

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14
Q

Fixed pitch propeller is displayed on

A

a tachometer in revolutions per minute (RPM)

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15
Q

Fuel injection

A

increases engine efficiency and eliminates carburetor ice

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16
Q

Turbocharger

A

pressurizes air using a mechanism driven by engine exhaust gases

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17
Q

Magneto

A

self-contained, supplies electrical current to the spark plugs

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18
Q

Detonation

A

uncontrolled explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinders combustion chamber

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19
Q

Preignition

A

uncontrolled combustion of fuel in advance of normal ignition

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20
Q

Fuel pump system

A

engine driven pump provides fuel under pressure from the fuel tanks

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21
Q

Fuel pressure gauge

A

useful in measuring fuel pump malfunctions

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22
Q

Vapor lock

A

occurs when high engine temperatures cause bubbles of fuel vapor to form in the fuel lines or fuel pump

23
Q

Gravity-feed system

A

fuel flows from fuel tanks to engine by gravity

24
Q

Fuel tanks

A

usually in wings, has vent to make pressure equal in and out

25
Q

Fuel quantity gauges

A

use sensing unit to measure fuel, measured in gallons/pounds/metric units

26
Q

Fuel selector valve

A

Left/Right/Both/(Off)

27
Q

Fuel strainer

A

removes moisture and other sediments that settle at sump in bottom of the strainer

28
Q

Fill fuel tanks at end of the day

A

prevents moisture from condensing in tanks

29
Q

If fuel grade is not available

A

use next higher grade if approved by manufacturer, using a lower grade will cause engine to overheat

30
Q

Dry sump system

A

oil is contained in a separate tank and circulated through the engine by pumps

31
Q

wet sump system

A

all oil is carried in a sump that is part of the engine

32
Q

oil used for

A

lubrication of internal parts and cooling

33
Q

oil pressure gauge

A

indicates pressure in pound per square inch (PSI) or bars

34
Q

oil temperature gauge

A

can take several minutes after starting to read increase in temp

35
Q

High engine oil temp

A

caused by too low oil level

36
Q

Immediately after starting the engine

A

adjust RPM and check engine instruments for proper indications

37
Q

Cowl flap

A

creates a larger opening for air to exit the engine compartment

38
Q

Excessive engine temperatures

A

can result in loss of power, high oil consumption, and engine damage

39
Q

cylinder head temperature gauge

A

provides direct temp reading from one of the engine cylinders

40
Q

Engine temp can be reduced by

A

enriching the mixture, reducing the rate of climb, increasing airspeed, or reducing power

41
Q

If oil and cylinder head temp are above normal

A

you might be using too much power with an overly lean mixture

42
Q

Fixed pitch propeller

A

blade angle is set for primary function of the airplane and cannot be adjusted

43
Q

Climb propeller

A

propeller with low blade angle, provides best performance for takeoff and climb

44
Q

Cruise propeller

A

propeller with high blade angle, optimized for high speed and altitude cruise

45
Q

Alternator

A

produce AC current and then convert it to DC for use in the airplane

46
Q

Ammeter

A

monitors electrical current in amperes, can measure current flowing to/from battery and/or loadmeter measures load on alternator

47
Q

Master switch

A

controls entire electircal system except ignition system

48
Q

Standby battery

A

disconnects from main bus and powers essential bus

49
Q

When a mixture is leaned

A

fuel flow is decreased to compensate for decreased air density, can eliminate engine roughness during runup at high-elevation airports

50
Q

During descents from high to low altitudes

A

you have to enrich the mixture control

51
Q

First indication of carburetor ice in a fixed pitch propeller is

A

loss of RPM, caused by enriched mixture

52
Q

Carburetor heat

A

decreases engine performance

53
Q

If you suspect detonation on climbout

A

lower nose to increase airspeed and increase cooling airflow around the engine

54
Q

How to reduce engine temps

A

enrich the mixture, reduce rate of climb, increase airspeed, or reduce power

Private Pilot (13 decks)

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