Ch 2C - Flight Instruments Flashcards
ISA
International Standard Atmosphere - standard conditions for flight instruments 29.92 in. Hg (14.7 lb/in^2 or 1013.2 millibars) and 15C(59F)
PFD
Primary Flight Display - contains primary flight instruments
MFD
Multifunction Display - variety of info (moving maps, airports, terrain, weather)
AHRS
Attitude and Heading Reference System - uses electronic gyroscopes, accelerometers, and a magnetometer to determine attitude relative to the horizon and heading
HSI
Horizontal Situation Indicator - displays current airplane heading in IFD
ADC
Air Data Computer - uses temp and pressure readings to determine readings for instruments in IFD
Instruments needed for VFR single engine flight
airspeed indicator, altimeter, magnetic compass, tachometer, oil pressure gauge, oil temp gauge, fuel gauge, manifold pressure gauge (constant speed prop), landing gear position indicator (retractable landing gear)
Standard lapse rates (below 36,000 feet)
help calculate anticipated temps and pressures at various altitudes, temp drops 2C and pressure 1.00 inches Hg for each 1,000 feet increase of altitude
Pitot tube
ram air pressure enters
Use static pressure
Airspeed indicator, altimeter, vertical speed indicator
Use pitot pressure
airspeed indicator
Static port
takes in relatively undisturbed air
V-speeds
Vso (end white arc) - stalling speed w/flaps down
Vs1 - (end green arc) - stalling speed w/flaps up
White arc - flap opp range/landings
Vfe (end white arc) - max speed w/flaps
Green arc - normal op range
Vno (end green arc) - max speed in non-smooth air
Yellow arc - only fly in smooth air/caution
Vne (red line) - never exceed
Va
maneuvering speed, changes with aircraft weight, not marked
Stall speed for a certain airplane
doesn’t change with altitude
arrows on the altimeter
long- hundreds of feet
mid- thousands of feet
short- tens of thousands of feet
indicated altitude
altimeter reading