CH 41 Oxygenation Flashcards
Ventilation
The process of moving gases into and out of the lungs
Perfusion
The ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Diffusion
Exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and capillaries
Surfactant
Chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep them from collapsing.
Atelectasis
Collapse of the alveoli that prevents the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What is normal cardiac output?
Normal cardiac output is 4 to 6 L/min in the healthy adult at rest
What is the natural pacemaker of the heart?
the SA node
What happens as a result of myocardial ischemia?
results in angina, myocardial infarction (MI) and/or acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
Hemoptysis
bloody sputum
Thoracentesis
a large needle is used to drain the pleural space of excess
What is the most effective position for promotion of lung expansion ?
45-degree semi-Fowler’s position
pneumothorax
a collection of air in the pleural space
hemothorax
an accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity between the parietal and visceral pleurae
Chest tube
A catheter placed through the thorax to remove air and fluids from the pleural space, to prevent air from re-entering, or to re-establish intrapleural and intrapulmonic pressures
What is the oxygen concentration of room air?
21%
Venturi mask
allows adjustable mixing with room air
True or False? Patients with COPD who are breathing spontaneously should never receive high levels of oxygen therapy because this may result in a decreased stimulus to breathe
true
True of False? you can always administer oxygen without a healthcare provider’s order
False, do not administer oxygen at more than 2 L/min unless a health care provider’s order is obtained.
What are some noticeable issues with a chest drain?
Bubbling in water seal chamber
Test tube dislodging
What are the steps to hooking up a chest drain to suction?
- Fill water seal chamber to 2 cm line
- Connect chest drain to patient
- Add the sterile water to ordered suction level
- Hang below the level of the patients chest
- Connect to suction if ordered – fill suction control chamber to 20 cm
- Encourage the patient to change positions/ cough and deep breathe frequently
Nasal Canula oxygen amount
up to 6L
Non -rebreather mask oxygen amount
10-15 L
Trach oxygen
10 L
Face mask oxygen
over 6 L
CO2 ans HCO3 levels
CO2 level – 35-45
HCO3 level – 22-28
