Ch 4 Vocab Flashcards
First 10 amendments to tge US constitution
Bill of Rights
Legal constitutional protections against the govt
Civil
Liberties
Freedom if press,speech,religuon.& assembly
First amendment
No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the US
14th amendment
part of 14th amend that guaranteez ppl cant be deprives of life,liberty,or property by US or state govt w/out due process of law
Due process clause
Legal concept under which the supreme court has nationalized the bill of rights by making most of its provisions aoplicable to the starea throught the 14th amendment
Incorporation doctrine
Ppart of 1st amendment that congress shall make no law respecting an est of religion
Establishment clause
1st amendment provision that prohibits govt from interfering w/practice of religion
Free exercise clause
Govt preventing material from being published, limits press, usyally unconstitutional
Prior restraint
Publication o false or malicious statements that damage someones rep
Libel
Nonverbal communication
Symbolic soeech
Communication in the form of advertisement
Commercial speech
Where the police have a reason to believe that a person should be arressted
Probable cause
Getting evidence in a haphazard or random manner a practice prohibited by the 4th amendment
Unreasonable searches and seizures
Written authorization from a court specifying the area to be searched and what the police are searching for
Search warrant
Rule that evidence, no matter gow incriminating cannot be included into a trual if its not constitutionally obtained
Exclusionary rule
Designed to protect rights of pol accused of crimes
Fifth amendment
When an individual accused of a crime is compelled to be a witness against themselves in court
Self incrimination
Designed to protect ppl accused of crimes(right to counsel,confront witnessez, and soeedy and public trial)
6th amendment
Struck btwn the defendants lawyer and the prosecutor to the effect that the defendant will plead guilty to lesser crime in exchange for states promise not to prosecute the defendant for a more serious crime
Plea bargaining
Forbides cruel and unusual amendment
8th amendment
Although supreme court has ruled that mandatory death sentences for certain offenses are unconstitutional it hasnt held that death penalty constitutes cryel andnunusual punishment
Cruel an unusual punishment
Right to a private personal life free from intrusion of govt
Right to privacy
