Ch 4 - Loading and Performance

Question 1

Elevator

Answer 1

controls the pitch of an airplane, up or down

Question 2

Rudder

Answer 2

controls the yaw of an airplane, left or right

Question 3

Aileron

Answer 3

controls the roll of an airplane, spin about long axis

Question 4

Dead reckoning

Answer 4

navigation solely by means of computations based on time, airspeed, distance, and direction. The products derived from these variables, when adjusted by windspeed and velocity, are heading and ground speed.

Question 5

Pilotage

Answer 5

navigation by reference to landmarks or checkpoints

Question 6

wind triangle

Answer 6

navigation by triangulation. The true heading and ground speed can be found by drawing a wind triangle of vectors. One side of the triangle is the wind direction and velocity, another side is the true heading and true airspeed, and the last side is the track, or true course, and the ground speed. Each side of a wind triangle is the vector sum of the other two sides.

Question 7

Most common performance deficiencies of an overloaded aircraft

Answer 7

Reduced rate of climb
Lower maximum altitude
Shorter endurance
Reduced maneuverability

Question 8

Empty weight

Answer 8

obtained from manufacturer’s documentation - includes airframe, power source, all fixed equipment, and unusable fuel

Question 9

Useful load

Answer 9

Includes power source (battery or fuel) and payload/mission equipment

Question 10

Launch weight

Answer 10

empty weight + useful load

Question 11

Landing weight

Answer 11

launch weight - fuel used - jettisoned load

Question 12

Arm

Answer 12

horizontal distance from the datum line to a point on the sUAS. If measured toward rear, arm is (+), if measured toward front, arm is (-)

Question 13

Moment

Answer 13

product of the weight of an object multiplied by its arm

Question 14

Load

Answer 14

force/imposed stress that must be supported by an sUA structure in flight

Question 15

Load factor

Answer 15

=1 during level flight, increases exponentially >1g as aircraft bank angle increases, see load factor chart

Question 16

airfoil

Answer 16

structure or body that produces a useful reaction to air movement (e.g., wing, rotor blade, propeller)

Question 17

chord line

Answer 17

imaginary straight line from the leading edge to the trailing edge of an airfoil

Question 18

relative wind

Answer 18

the wind “felt” or experienced by an airfoil

Question 19

angle of attack

Answer 19

the angle between the chord line of the airfoil and the relative wind

Question 20

critical angle of attack

Answer 20

the angle at which a stall occurs