Ch 4 - Depth, Movement, and Time

Question 1

x-axis

Answer 1

width

Question 2

y-axis

Answer 2

height

Question 3

z-axis

Answer 3

depth

Question 4

illusion of depth

Answer 4

creation of appearance of 3rd dimension within 2D media

Question 5

perspective

Answer 5

perception of depth and distance from particular point of view (linear perspective represents 3D space in 2D with parallel lines converging at horizon)

Question 6

rack focus

Answer 6

camera technique in which focus is shifted from one subject on plane of action to another on different plane of action

Question 7

directed tension

Answer 7

sense of implied movement created by graphics lines or vectors within frame/by inherent tension of certain positions within frame

Question 8

vector

Answer 8

1. ) strong diagonal line either implied/existing in frame that suggests movement
2. ) type of computer graphics created from mathematical formula that can be rescaled while maintaining quality

Question 9

persistence of vision

Answer 9

human brain fills in gaps between rapidly projected individual frames of an action that has been broken down into series of still iimages

Question 10

phi phenomenon

Answer 10

perceptual occurrence where human eye perceives 2 closely proximate lights flashing in quick succession as movement

Question 11

blocking the talent

Answer 11

part of production process where director makes decisions about talent position and movement related to camera position

Question 12

tripod

Answer 12

3-legged stand with spreaders/supports that keep legs steady

Question 13

pedestal

Answer 13

heavy wheeled mount used in studio production (moves camera up and down)

Question 14

dolly

Answer 14

tripod on wheels (moves on z axis closer/further to subject)

Question 15

crane

Answer 15

long-armed, counter-weighted camera device that allows sweeping camera moves thru space

Question 16

pan

Answer 16

camera pivots right or left

Question 17

tilt

Answer 17

camera pivots up and down

Question 18

truck/tracking

Answer 18

camera movement right or left on wheeled dolly

Question 19

zoom

Answer 19

optical adjustment that changes viewer’s vantage point

Question 20

long take

Answer 20

shot of relatively long duration that relies on camera and subject movement instead of editing

Question 21

direct cinema

Answer 21

approach to documentary that relies on observation of behavior instead of narration/interviews

Question 22

reflexivity

Answer 22

acknowledging filmmakers’ biases and inherent manipulation of media-making process

Question 23

shooting ratio

Answer 23

ratio between footage acquired and amount that ends up in edited version (larger ratio in observational film that uses long shots)

Question 24

animation

Answer 24

process that uses series of drawings, paintings, cutouts, clay, or computer images to create illusion of movement

Question 25

motion graphics

Answer 25

computer animated text and other graphics used for title sequences

Question 26

motion capture

Answer 26

creating pattern of movement and inputting it into computer

Question 27

virtual realty (VR)

Answer 27

any application that allows user, typically wearing goggles/headset/gloves/bodysuit, to interact with 3D sensory environment

Question 28

augmented reality

Answer 28

computer-generated media layered over one’s actual environment as viewed thru smartphone, camera, or other device

Question 29

mixed reality

Answer 29

type of augmented reality where users can interact with computer-generated content

Question 30

temporal

Answer 30

time-based aspect of art and media experiences

Question 31

spatial

Answer 31

space-occupation aspect of art and media experiences

Question 32

real time

Answer 32

temporal aspect of media production where duration of replayed action is same as when it was captured

Question 33

spatial

Answer 33

space-occupation aspect of media production where duration of replayed action is same as when it was captured

Question 34

random access

Answer 34

user can jump from one spot in program to another

Question 35

decisive moment

Answer 35

concept by Henri Cartier-Bresson describing frozen moment in time resulting in powerful photo

Question 36

series

Answer 36

individual media works grouped together for purposes of exhibition/distribution

Question 37

sequence

Answer 37

order in which users view experience

Question 38

shot

Answer 38

continuous piece of film/video, from camera starting to camera stopping

Question 39

live programming

Answer 39

program that is broadcast, cablecast, or transmitted via satellite at time it is produced

Question 40

live-on-tape (prerecorded) programming

Answer 40

method of production that maintains real-time relationship between production time and replay time but is experienced by audience

Question 41

illusion of real-time

Answer 41

concept of post-production where shots taken out of sequence by single cam are edited together to create sense of real-time action

Question 42

continuity editing

Answer 42

style of video where shots are pieced together to create realistic linear progression through time that remains as seamless and invisible as possible

Question 43

ellipses of time

Answer 43

convention of media storytelling that eliminates unnecessary portions of story but retains continuity