CH. 31 SOFT TISSUE TRAUMA

Question 1

an injury in which a portion of the body is denuded of the epidermis by scraping or rubbing

Answer 1

abrasion

Question 2

fat tissue

Answer 2

adipose

Question 3

an injury in which part of the body is completely severed

Answer 3

amputation

Question 4

an injury that leaves a piece of skin or other tissue partially or completely torn away from the body

Answer 4

avulsion

Question 5

material used to secure a dressing in place

Answer 5

bandage

Question 6

the factors that cause cells to migrate into an area

Answer 6

chemotactic factors

Question 7

an injury in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface remains intact

Answer 7

closed wound

Question 8

protein that gives tensile strength to the connective tissues of the body

Answer 8

collagen

Question 9

a condition that develops when the edema and swelling result in increased pressure within soft tissues, causing circulation to be compromised, possibly resulting in tissue necrosis

Answer 9

compartment syndrome

Question 10

a bruise

Answer 10

contusion

Question 11

an injury in which the body or part of the body is crushed, preventing tissue function resulting in permanent tissue damage

Answer 11

crush injury

Question 12

significant metabolic derangement that can lead to renal failure and death. Develops when crushed extremities or other body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods

Answer 12

crush syndrome

Question 13

a dense layer of fibrous tissue below the subcutaneous tissue; composed of tough bands of tissue that ensheath muscles and other internal structures

Answer 13

deep fascia

Question 14

a traumatic injury that results in the soft tissue of a part of the body being drawn downward like a glove being removed

Answer 14

degloving

Question 15

to release granules into the surrounding tissue

Answer 15

degranulate

Question 16

the inner layer of skin, containing hair follicle roots, glands, blood vessels, and nerves

Answer 16

dermis

Question 17

material used to directly cover a wound

Answer 17

dressing

Question 18

extravasation of blood under the skin to produce a black and blue mark

Answer 18

ecchymosis

Question 19

a protein that gives the skin its elasticity

Answer 19

elastin

Question 20

the outermost layer of the skin

Answer 20

epidermis

Question 21

the formation of fresh epithelial tissue to heal a wound

Answer 21

epithelialization

Question 22

reddening of the skin

Answer 22

erythema

Question 23

a surgical procedure that cuts away fascia to relieve pressure

Answer 23

fasciotomy

Question 24

an infection commonly caused by Clostridium perfringens. The result is tissue destruction and gas production that may lead to death

Answer 24

gangrene

Question 25

the first step in the formation of urine; calculated to determine renal function

Answer 25

glomerular filtration

Question 26

cells that contain granules

Answer 26

granulocytes

Question 27

material between cells

Answer 27

ground substance

Question 28

a localized collection of blood in the soft tissues as a result of injury or a broken blood vessel

Answer 28

hematoma

Question 29

types of injuries that occurs when a foreign material is forcefully injected into soft tissue

Answer 29

high pressure injection injuries

Question 30

the tendency to constancy or stability in the body's internal environment

Answer 30

homeostasis

Question 31

an increased level of potassium in the blood

Answer 31

hyperkalemia

Question 32

an increased level of phosphate in the blood

Answer 32

hyperphosphatemia

Question 33

an abnormal scar with excess collagen the does not extend over the wound margins

Answer 33

hypertrophic scar

Question 34

a wound usually made deliberately as in surgery; a clean cut, as opposed to laceration

Answer 34

incision

Question 35

the skin

Answer 35

integument

Question 36

an abnormal scar found in people with heavily pigmented skin

Answer 36

keloid scar

Question 37

a wound made by tearing or cutting tissues

Answer 37

laceration

Question 38

inflammation of the lymph channel

Answer 38

lymphangitis

Question 39

WBCs that function to remove invading pathogens

Answer 39

lymphocytes

Question 40

cells that are responsible for protecting the body against infection

Answer 40

macrophages

Question 41

the pigment that gives skin its color

Answer 41

melanin

Question 42

a key component of ground substance that is a polysaccharide that forms complexes with proteins

Answer 42

mucopolysaccharide gel

Question 43

a protein found in muscle released into circulation after a crush injury whose circulation may produce kidney damage

Answer 43

myoglobin

Question 44

death of tissue form bacterial infection, caused by more than one infecting organism

Answer 44

necrotizing faciitis

Question 45

development of new blood vessels to aid in healing injured soft tissue

Answer 45

neovascularization

Question 46

an injury in which there is a break in the surface of the skin

Answer 46

open wound

Question 47

a narrow strip of tissue by which an avulsed piece of tissue remains connected to the body

Answer 47

pedicle

Question 48

a stab injury from a pointed object, such as a nail or knife

Answer 48

puncture wound

Question 49

describes an animal that is infected with rabies

Answer 49

rabid

Question 50

destruction of muscle tissue leading to a release of potassium and myoglobin

Answer 50

rhabdomyolysis

Question 51

a surgical procedure to improve the appearance of a scar

Answer 51

scar revision

Question 52

the gland located in the dermis that secretes sebum

Answer 52

sebaceous gland

Question 53

an oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands

Answer 53

sebum

Question 54

beneath the skin

Answer 54

subcutaneous

Question 55

the pattern of tautness of the skin, arranged over body structures and affects how well the wound heals

Answer 55

tension lines

Question 56

deformity of the hand, fingers, and wrist resulting from damage to forearm muscles; develops from muscle ischemia and is associated with compartment syndrome

Answer 56

volkmann contracture