CH. 31 SOFT TISSUE TRAUMA Flashcards
an injury in which a portion of the body is denuded of the epidermis by scraping or rubbing
abrasion
fat tissue
adipose
an injury in which part of the body is completely severed
amputation
an injury that leaves a piece of skin or other tissue partially or completely torn away from the body
avulsion
material used to secure a dressing in place
bandage
the factors that cause cells to migrate into an area
chemotactic factors
an injury in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface remains intact
closed wound
protein that gives tensile strength to the connective tissues of the body
collagen
a condition that develops when the edema and swelling result in increased pressure within soft tissues, causing circulation to be compromised, possibly resulting in tissue necrosis
compartment syndrome
a bruise
contusion
an injury in which the body or part of the body is crushed, preventing tissue function resulting in permanent tissue damage
crush injury
significant metabolic derangement that can lead to renal failure and death. Develops when crushed extremities or other body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods
crush syndrome
a dense layer of fibrous tissue below the subcutaneous tissue; composed of tough bands of tissue that ensheath muscles and other internal structures
deep fascia
a traumatic injury that results in the soft tissue of a part of the body being drawn downward like a glove being removed
degloving
to release granules into the surrounding tissue
degranulate
the inner layer of skin, containing hair follicle roots, glands, blood vessels, and nerves
dermis
material used to directly cover a wound
dressing
extravasation of blood under the skin to produce a black and blue mark
ecchymosis
a protein that gives the skin its elasticity
elastin
the outermost layer of the skin
epidermis
the formation of fresh epithelial tissue to heal a wound
epithelialization
reddening of the skin
erythema
a surgical procedure that cuts away fascia to relieve pressure
fasciotomy
an infection commonly caused by Clostridium perfringens. The result is tissue destruction and gas production that may lead to death
gangrene
the first step in the formation of urine; calculated to determine renal function
glomerular filtration
cells that contain granules
granulocytes
material between cells
ground substance
a localized collection of blood in the soft tissues as a result of injury or a broken blood vessel
hematoma
types of injuries that occurs when a foreign material is forcefully injected into soft tissue
high pressure injection injuries
the tendency to constancy or stability in the body’s internal environment
homeostasis
an increased level of potassium in the blood
hyperkalemia
an increased level of phosphate in the blood
hyperphosphatemia
an abnormal scar with excess collagen the does not extend over the wound margins
hypertrophic scar
a wound usually made deliberately as in surgery; a clean cut, as opposed to laceration
incision
the skin
integument
an abnormal scar found in people with heavily pigmented skin
keloid scar
a wound made by tearing or cutting tissues
laceration
inflammation of the lymph channel
lymphangitis
WBCs that function to remove invading pathogens
lymphocytes
cells that are responsible for protecting the body against infection
macrophages
the pigment that gives skin its color
melanin
a key component of ground substance that is a polysaccharide that forms complexes with proteins
mucopolysaccharide gel
a protein found in muscle released into circulation after a crush injury whose circulation may produce kidney damage
myoglobin
death of tissue form bacterial infection, caused by more than one infecting organism
necrotizing faciitis
development of new blood vessels to aid in healing injured soft tissue
neovascularization
an injury in which there is a break in the surface of the skin
open wound
a narrow strip of tissue by which an avulsed piece of tissue remains connected to the body
pedicle
a stab injury from a pointed object, such as a nail or knife
puncture wound
describes an animal that is infected with rabies
rabid
destruction of muscle tissue leading to a release of potassium and myoglobin
rhabdomyolysis
a surgical procedure to improve the appearance of a scar
scar revision
the gland located in the dermis that secretes sebum
sebaceous gland
an oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
sebum
beneath the skin
subcutaneous
the pattern of tautness of the skin, arranged over body structures and affects how well the wound heals
tension lines
deformity of the hand, fingers, and wrist resulting from damage to forearm muscles; develops from muscle ischemia and is associated with compartment syndrome
volkmann contracture
