CH. 30 BLEEDING

Question 1

the pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood; increasing this can decrease cardiac output

Answer 1

afterload

Question 2

the fluid tissue that is pumped by the heart through the arteries, veins, and capillaries and consists of plasma and formed elements or cells, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Answer 2

blood

Question 3

amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate per minute

Answer 3

cardiac output (CO)

Question 4

the early stages of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss. The systolic blood pressure and brain perfusion are maintained

Answer 4

compensated shock (classes I & II)

Question 5

the late stage in shock, when blood pressure is falling

Answer 5

decompensated shock (class III)

Question 6

the percentage of blood that leaves the heart each time it contracts

Answer 6

ejection fraction (EF)

Question 7

red blood cells

Answer 7

erythrocytes

Question 8

vomited cells

Answer 8

hematemesis

Question 9

passage of stools containing bright red blood

Answer 9

hematochezia

Question 10

a blood test that measures the portion of red blood cells in whole blood

Answer 10

hematocrit

Question 11

a mass of blood in soft tissues beneath the skin; indicates bleeding into soft tissues and may be the result of minor or a severe injury

Answer 11

hematoma

Question 12

blood in the urine

Answer 12

hematuria

Question 13

the oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells

Answer 13

hemoglobin

Question 14

lacking one or more of the blood’s clotting factors.

Answer 14

hemophilia

Question 15

coughed up blood

Answer 15

hemoptysis

Question 16

bleeding

Answer 16

hemorrhage

Question 17

volume lost as blood

Answer 17

hemorrhagic shock

Question 18

stopping hemorrhage

Answer 18

hemostasis

Question 19

a condition that occurs when the level of tissue perfusion decreases below that needed to maintain normal cellular functions

Answer 19

hypoperfusion

Question 20

a condition that occurs when the circulating blood volume is inadequate to deliver adequate

Answer 20

hypovolemic shock

Question 21

the final stage of shock prior to death

Answer 21

irreversible shock (IV)

Question 22

white blood cells

Answer 22

leuckocytes

Question 23

passage of dark, tarry stools

Answer 23

melana

Question 24

the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the cells, organs, and tissues of the body

Answer 24

perfusion

Question 25

the fluid portion of the blood from which the cells have been removed

Answer 25

plasma

Question 26

small cells in the blood that are essential for clot formation

Answer 26

platelets

Question 27

the pre contraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up

Answer 27

preload

Question 28

an abnormal state associated with inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the metabolic apparatus of the cell

Answer 28

shock

Question 29

the amount of blood that the left ventricle ejects into the aorta per contraction

Answer 29

stroke volume (SV)