CH. 30 BLEEDING Flashcards
the pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood; increasing this can decrease cardiac output
afterload
the fluid tissue that is pumped by the heart through the arteries, veins, and capillaries and consists of plasma and formed elements or cells, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
blood
amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate per minute
cardiac output (CO)
the early stages of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss. The systolic blood pressure and brain perfusion are maintained
compensated shock (classes I & II)
the late stage in shock, when blood pressure is falling
decompensated shock (class III)
the percentage of blood that leaves the heart each time it contracts
ejection fraction (EF)
red blood cells
erythrocytes
vomited cells
hematemesis
passage of stools containing bright red blood
hematochezia
a blood test that measures the portion of red blood cells in whole blood
hematocrit
a mass of blood in soft tissues beneath the skin; indicates bleeding into soft tissues and may be the result of minor or a severe injury
hematoma
blood in the urine
hematuria
the oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells
hemoglobin
lacking one or more of the blood’s clotting factors.
hemophilia
coughed up blood
hemoptysis
bleeding
hemorrhage
volume lost as blood
hemorrhagic shock
stopping hemorrhage
hemostasis
a condition that occurs when the level of tissue perfusion decreases below that needed to maintain normal cellular functions
hypoperfusion
a condition that occurs when the circulating blood volume is inadequate to deliver adequate
hypovolemic shock
the final stage of shock prior to death
irreversible shock (IV)
white blood cells
leuckocytes
passage of dark, tarry stools
melana
the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the cells, organs, and tissues of the body
perfusion
the fluid portion of the blood from which the cells have been removed
plasma
small cells in the blood that are essential for clot formation
platelets
the pre contraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up
preload
an abnormal state associated with inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the metabolic apparatus of the cell
shock
the amount of blood that the left ventricle ejects into the aorta per contraction
stroke volume (SV)
