ch 31 fungi

Question 1

yeasts

Answer 1

single cells

Question 2

hyphae

Answer 2

network of tiny fillaments

Question 3

chitin

Answer 3

a polysaccharide that strengthens the cell walls of fungus

Question 4

septa

Answer 4

hypae are divided into cells by crosswalls, or septa

Question 5

coenocytic fungi

Answer 5

consists of a continuous cytoplasmic mass having hundreds or thousands of nuclei

Question 6

myceliem

Answer 6

interwoven mass of hyphae that infiltrates the material on which the fungus feeds.
maximises surface area

Question 7

haustoria

Answer 7

specialized hyphae that fungi use to extract nutrients from , or excrete nutrients with, their host plants

Question 8

mycorrhizae

Answer 8

mutual beneficial relationships between fungi and plant roots

Question 9

ectomycorrhizae

Answer 9

form sheaths of hyphae over the surface of a root and typically grow inot extracellular spaces of the root cortex

Question 10

arbuscular mychorrhizal fungi

Answer 10

extend branching hyphae through the root cell wall and into tubes formed by invagination

Question 11

spores

Answer 11

haploid cells

Question 12

plasmogamy

Answer 12

union of the cytoplasms of 2 parent mycelia

Question 13

heterokaryogon

Answer 13

fused mycelium containing coexisiting, genetically different nuclei

Question 14

dikaryotic

Answer 14

2 nuclie

Question 15

karyogamy

Answer 15

haploid nuclei contained by both parents fuse, producing diploid cells

Question 16

deuteromycetes

Answer 16

fungi lacking sexual reproduction

Question 17

opisthokonts

Answer 17

clade, posterior fagellem

Question 18

nucleariids

Answer 18

unicellular protists consits of amoebas that feed on algae and bacteria

Question 19

chytrids

Answer 19

phylum chyrtridiomycota
lakes and soil
maybe responsible for the decline of amphibian pops

Question 20

zygomycetes

Answer 20

phylum zygomycota
bread molds
know life cycle in lab and fig 31.12

Question 21

zygosporangium

Answer 21

plasmogamy produces this structure in which karyogamy and then meiosis occur
2n

Question 22

ascomycetes

Answer 22

phylum ascomycota

sac fungi

Question 23

asci

Answer 23

produce spores

Question 24

ascocarp

Answer 24

fruiting bodies, contain asci

Question 25

conidia

Answer 25

asexual spores

produced externally at the tips of specialized hyphae called conidiospores

Question 26

basidomycetes

Answer 26

phylum basidiomycota

club fungus

Question 27

basidium

Answer 27

little pedistals

Question 28

basidiocarp

Answer 28

fruiting bodies

Question 29

lichens

Answer 29

a symbiotic association between a photosynthetic microorganism and a fungus in which millions of photosynthetic cells are held in a mass of fungal hyphae

Question 30

mycosis

Answer 30

infection in an animal by a fungal parasite