ch 29 plant diversity I

Question 1

sporopollenin

Answer 1

in charophytes, a layer of durable polymer

prevents exposed zygotes from drying out

Question 2

alternation of generations

Answer 2

each generation gives rise to the other

Question 3

gametophyte

Answer 3

multicellular haploid, produces (by mitosis) of haploid gametes- egg and sperm, together fuse to make zygote

Question 4

sporophyte

Answer 4

mitotic division of the zygote produces diploid sporophyte

meiosis in mature sporophyte produces haploid spores

Question 5

embryophytes

Answer 5

another name for land plants

Question 6

sporocytes

Answer 6

diploid cells that undergo meiosis and generate haploid spores

Question 7

archegonia

Answer 7

female, eggs

Question 8

anthridia

Answer 8

male, sperm

Question 9

apical meristem

Answer 9

localized regions of cell division at the tips of roots and shoots

Question 10

cuticle

Answer 10

wax covering on epidermis

Question 11

stomata

Answer 11

specialized pores that support photosynthesis by allowing the exchange of CO2 and O2 between outside air and the plant

Question 12

vascular tissue

Answer 12

cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body

Question 13

bryophytes

Answer 13

non vascular

Question 14

2 clades of vascular seedless plants

Answer 14

lycophytes (club mosses)

monilophytes (ferns

Question 15

1 clade of seed plants

Answer 15

embryo packaged w nutrients inside a protective coat

Question 16

gymnosperm

Answer 16

seeds not enclosed in chambers

Question 17

angiosperm

Answer 17

flowering

Question 18

protenema

Answer 18

germinationg moss spores produce a mass of green, branched, one cell thinck protenema that enhance the absorption of water and minerals

Question 19

gametophore

Answer 19

the mature gamete producing structure of a moss gametophyte

Question 20

rhizoids

Answer 20

anchors gametophytes

long, tubular single cells (liverworts and hornworts) or filaments of cells (mosses)

Question 21

foot

Answer 21

embedded in the archegonium, absorbs nutrients from the gametophyte

Question 22

seta

Answer 22

stalk, conducts these materials to the sporangium, also called a capsule, which uses them to produce spores by meiosis

Question 23

peristone

Answer 23

ring of interlocking, tooth like structures on the upper part of a moss capsule, often specialized for gradual spore discharging

Question 24

peat

Answer 24

sphagnum moss is a key component and partially decayed organic material

Question 25

xylem

Answer 25

conducts water and minerals

Question 26

tracheids

Answer 26

tube shaped cells that carry water and minerals up from roots

Question 27

lignin

Answer 27

strengthening polymer

Question 28

phloem

Answer 28

sugars, amino acids, and other organic products

Question 29

roots

Answer 29

organs that absorb water and nutrients from the soil

Question 30

leaves

Answer 30

increase surface area and are primary photosynthetic organs of vascular plants

Question 31

microphylls

Answer 31

small, spiral shaped leaves supported by a single strand of vascular tissue
only lycophytes

Question 32

megaphylls

Answer 32

branched leaves

all other vascular plants

Question 33

sporophylls

Answer 33

modified leaves that bear sporangia

Question 34

sori

Answer 34

in ferns, clusters of sporangia

Question 35

strobili

Answer 35

cone like structures of sporophylls

lycophytes and most gymnosperms

Question 36

homosporous

Answer 36

most seedless vascular plants, produce one type of spore

Question 37

heterosporous

Answer 37

2 types of sporangia and produces 2 kinds of spores

Question 38

megaspores

Answer 38

female

Question 39

microspore

Answer 39

male