Ch. 30.3—Plant Diversity II: Evolution of Seed Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

The reproductive adaptations of

angiosperms include: _____ and _____.

A
  • Flowers.

- Fruits.

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2
Q

The _______ is an angiosperm structure specialized for sexual reproduction; pollinated by insects or animals, while some species are wind-pollinated

A

-Flower.

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3
Q

A flower is a specialized shoot with up to four types of modified leaves called floral organs:

A
  • Sepals.
  • Petals.
  • Stamens.
  • Carpels.
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4
Q

_______: enclose the flower.

A

-Sepals.

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5
Q

______: brightly colored and attract pollinators.

A

-Petals.

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6
Q

_____: produce pollen.

A

-Stamens.

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7
Q

______: produce ovules.

A

-Carpels.

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8
Q

A stamen consists of a stalk called a ______, with a sac called an _______ where the pollen is produced.

A
  • Filament.

- Anther.

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9
Q

A carpel consists of an _____ at the base and a style leading up to a ______, where pollen is received

A
  • Ovary.

- Stigma.

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10
Q

A _____ is formed when the ovary wall thickens and matures; protect seeds and aid in their dispersal; when matured can be either fleshy or dry.

A

-Fruit.

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11
Q

Angiosperm Life Cycle: The flower of the sporophyte is composed of both:

A

-Male and Female Structures.

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12
Q

Most flowers have mechanisms to ensure _________ between flowers from different plants of the same species.

A

-Cross-pollination.

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13
Q

A pollen grain that has landed on a stigma germinates and the pollen tube of the male gametophyte grows down to the ovary: ovule is entered by a pore called the ______.

A

-Micropyle.

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14
Q

__________: occurs when the pollen tube discharges two sperm into the female gametophyte within an ovule.

A

-Double fertilization.

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15
Q

One sperm fertilizes the egg, while the other combines with two nuclei in the central cell of the female gametophyte and initiates development of food-storing _________.

A

-Endosperm.

*The triploid endosperm nourishes the developing
embryo

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16
Q

__________: include the flowering plants belonging to the oldest lineages.

A

-Basal angiosperms.

17
Q

________ share some traits with basal angiosperms but evolved later.

A

-Magnoliids.

18
Q

MONOCOT Characteristics:

  • Embryo?
  • Leaf Venation?
  • Stem?
  • Roots?
  • Pollen?
  • Flowers?
A
  • Embryo—1 cotyledon
  • Leaf Venation—parallel
  • Stem—vasc. tiss. scattered
  • Roots—fibrous
  • Pollen—grain w/ 1 opening
  • Flowers—multiples of 3
19
Q

EUDICOT Characteristics:

  • Embryo?
  • Leaf Venation?
  • Stem?
  • Roots?
  • Pollen?
  • Flowers?
A
  • Embryo—2 cotyledons
  • Leaf Venation—netlike
  • Stem—vasc. tiss. in ring
  • Roots—taproot
  • Pollen—grain w/ 3 openings
  • Flowers—multiples of 4/5