Ch. 30.3—Plant Diversity II: Evolution of Seed Plants Flashcards
The reproductive adaptations of
angiosperms include: _____ and _____.
- Flowers.
- Fruits.
The _______ is an angiosperm structure specialized for sexual reproduction; pollinated by insects or animals, while some species are wind-pollinated
-Flower.
A flower is a specialized shoot with up to four types of modified leaves called floral organs:
- Sepals.
- Petals.
- Stamens.
- Carpels.
_______: enclose the flower.
-Sepals.
______: brightly colored and attract pollinators.
-Petals.
_____: produce pollen.
-Stamens.
______: produce ovules.
-Carpels.
A stamen consists of a stalk called a ______, with a sac called an _______ where the pollen is produced.
- Filament.
- Anther.
A carpel consists of an _____ at the base and a style leading up to a ______, where pollen is received
- Ovary.
- Stigma.
A _____ is formed when the ovary wall thickens and matures; protect seeds and aid in their dispersal; when matured can be either fleshy or dry.
-Fruit.
Angiosperm Life Cycle: The flower of the sporophyte is composed of both:
-Male and Female Structures.
Most flowers have mechanisms to ensure _________ between flowers from different plants of the same species.
-Cross-pollination.
A pollen grain that has landed on a stigma germinates and the pollen tube of the male gametophyte grows down to the ovary: ovule is entered by a pore called the ______.
-Micropyle.
__________: occurs when the pollen tube discharges two sperm into the female gametophyte within an ovule.
-Double fertilization.
One sperm fertilizes the egg, while the other combines with two nuclei in the central cell of the female gametophyte and initiates development of food-storing _________.
-Endosperm.
*The triploid endosperm nourishes the developing
embryo