ch. 3 quiz Flashcards
a significant structural difference between the small and large intestine is the
presence of villi in the small intestine
peristalsis refers to
rhythmic squeezing and pushing of both circular and longitudinal muscles
_____ sophisticated structures that perform unique body functions, are further grouped into _____ which perform integrated functions
organs
systems
the ____ stores bile while the ____ secretes digestive enzymes and the ____ is the largest digestive organ
gallbladder
pancreas
liver
cells are
the smallest unit of life
mitochondria are located in the _____ and serve as ____
cytoplasm
the energy producers of the cell
the most common type of ulcer is located in the
stomach or upper duodenum
heartburn is
a painful burning sensation felt behind the sternum due to acid reflux into the esophagus
the _____ is the region of tissue that triggers hunger in response to signals from nerve cells and messages carried by hormones
hypothalamus
vitamins and minerals are digested in the same manner as macronutrients
false
what is considered to play a key role in the development of the majority of peptic ulcers
H. pylori
the cephalic phase of digestion refers to hunger and appetite working together to prepare the GI tract to digest food
true
the cell ____ encloses the cell’s contents
membrane
the damage due to celiac disease is caused by the _____ but the disease is also classified as a ______ disorder
immune system
genetic
the three major processes of the gastrointestinal system are
digestions
absorption
elimination
what structures in the oral cavity contribute to the process of digestion
teeth
tongue
salivary glands
what does the majority of absorption and digestion occur
small intestine
what help synthesize certain vitamins in the intestine and are thought to help promote intestinal motility
GI flora
the primary organ that regulates our hunger is
the brain
what makes the stomach unique
its tolerance of a highly acidic environment
which of the following play a role in regulating hunger and satiety
food type
food amount
nerves
hormones
a food intolerance is due to a hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system response to a food
false
What is the difference between hunger and appetite?
Hunger is a physiological need to eat; appetite is a psychological desire to consume specific foods
Along the GI tract is a series of glands that secrete juice, mucus, and water. The actions of these glands are controlled by
the nervous system
