Ch. 3 Questions Flashcards
Biological traits are controlled by individual factors, rather than by a single hereditary agent. This idea is referred to as
Particulate inheritance
The genetic code is a set of instructions for the production or synthesis of
Proteins
The portion of the genome that codes for a protein is called a(n)
Gene
______ are responsible for a cell’s chemical reactions.
Enzymes
What are the correct pairings of the four bases found in DNA?
A-T, T-A, C-G, G-C
Most traits of complex organisms are
Polygenic
The AB blood type is produces by
Two codominant alleles
Mitosis is
The process of cell division that results in two copies of the original cell
“Junk DNA” is thought to
Regulate gene function and activity level
How many chromosomes in total do humans have?
46 or 23 pairs
The formation of gametes is called
Meiosis
The human genome is approximately how many base pairs long?
3.1 billion
Proteins are the basic building blocks of an organism’s cell
True
Genetic code is found in the nucleus of cells
True
If the sequence of bases on one side of a DNA helix is known, then the sequence on the other side can be correctly predicted.
True
A codon consists of a four-base sequence that codes for a specific amino acid
False
A person with a pair of non-matching alleles is considered to be homozygotic
False
Dominant alleles are better than recessive alleles
False
Sperm is an example of a gamete
True
Different versions of a single gene are called alleles
True
Over 90% of the human genome are non-coding genes
True
If your mother is homozygous dominant for PTC tasting and your father is homozygous recessive for PTC tasting, then you have 100% chance of being able to taste PTC
True, assuming it is a dominant trait
