Ch 3 Muscles of Cranium, Face, and Neck

Question 1

What is the function of the muscular system?

Answer 1

produce all movement of the body

Question 2

How many muscles for the entire body?

Answer 2

600

Question 3

a broad muscle that covers the top of the skull; consists of two parts

This muscle draws the scalp posteriorly and anteriorly, causing eyebrows to raise and wrinkles to form on the forehead

Answer 3

Occipitofrontalis (epicranius)

Question 4

a broad muscle arising in the temporal cavity and inserting in the mandible

a muscle of mastication and is the strongest chewing muscle; closes the mandible; assists in side-to-side movement of the mandible; attaches to the coronoid process of mandible

Answer 4

Temporalis

Question 5

a muscle arising from the zygomatic arch and inserting in the mandible

a muscle of mastication; closes the mandible; attaches to angle of manible

Answer 5

Masseter

Question 6

this sphincter muscle surrounds the eye socket

closes the eyelid and compresses the lacrimal sac

Answer 6

Orbicularis oculi

Question 7

a pyramid-shaped muscle of facial expression; lies beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi; known as the frowning muscle

draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially; frowning

Answer 7

Corrugator

Question 8

muscle of facial expression that runs from the inside of the eye socket to the superior tarsal plate of the eyelid

raises the superior eyelid

Answer 8

Levator palpebrae superioris

Question 9

covers the bridge of the nose

draws the skin of the forehead inferiorly, causing transverse and vertical wrinkles in the forehead

Answer 9

Procerus

Question 10

a flat band of muscles in the upper and lower red lips and integumentary lips

closes the lips; compresses lips against teeth; shapes lips during speech

Answer 10

Orbicularis oris
(puckering muscle)

Question 11

a muscle of facial expression

raises the upper lip and dilates the nostrils

Answer 11

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Question 12

muscle of facial expression

elevates AND extends the upper lip

Answer 12

Levator labii superioris

Question 13

a small muscle at the angle of the mouth

elevates the angle of the mouth

Answer 13

Levator anguli oris

Question 14

Muscle of the face

draws the upper lip superiorly and laterally (out)

Answer 14

Zygomaticus minor

Question 15

Extends from the cheekbone to the angle of the mouth

draws the upper lip posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally as in smiling or laughing

Answer 15

Zygomaticus major
(laughing muscle)

Question 16

the principle muscle of the ckeek. Oringinates in the skin over the molar teeth and inserts into the skin at the anguli oris ( corners of the mouth). Makes up part of the angulus oris eminences

compresses the cheek; retract angle of the mouth; pulls the anguli oris posteriorly; produces the action of sucking

Answer 16

Buccinator
(trumpeters muscle)

Question 17

extends from the skin over the masseter muscles to the corners of the mouth

draws corners of the mouth anteriorly

Answer 17

Risorius
(false smile muscle)

Question 18

a muscle of facial expression that arises from the mandible to insert into the anguli oris

depresses the angle of the mouth

Answer 18

Depressor anguli oris
(Triangularis)

Question 19

A muscle of facial expression

depresses the lower lip inferiorly and slightly laterally

Answer 19

Depressor labii inferioris
(Quadratus)

Question 20

this muscle is located on the tip of the chin

elevates and protrudes the lower lip; also wrinkles the skin over the chin

Answer 20

Mentalis

Question 21

thin layer of muscle covering the anterior aspect of the neck

wrinkles the skin of the neck and chest; also depresses the mandible and anguli oris. as in pouting

Answer 21

Platysma

Question 22

a thick muscle that irginates from the head of the sterum and clavial, and inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal bone

rotates and depresses the head;widest part of the neck

Answer 22

Sternocleidomastoid
(SCM)

Question 23

a double-bellied muscle of the neck, which attaches to the mastoid process and the mandible

draws the hyoid bone superiorly and anteriorly

Answer 23

Digastric

Question 24

Sphincter muscle

Answer 24

encircling
Ex. mouth and eyes

Question 25

Where is most pigment found?

Answer 25

Hair