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Anatomy > Ch 3 - chapter test > Flashcards

Ch 3 - chapter test Flashcards

1
Q

what are two lipid- based molecules that make up part of the structure of the plasma membrane?

A

phospholipid, cholesterol

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2
Q

which term refers to a small structure inside the cell, meaning “little organs”?

A

organelle

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3
Q

______ is the movement of substances across a cell membrane using cell energy, whereas_______ is the movement of substances across the cell membrane without using cell energy.

A

active transport
passive transport

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4
Q

what refers to the movement of fluids or dissolved molecules into the cell by trapping them in the plasma membrane?

A

pinocytosis

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5
Q

what are the two nucleic acids that are involved in transcription?

A

DNA & mRNA

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6
Q

what is the process in protein synthesis that uses the information in mRNA to build a protein molecule?

A

translation

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7
Q

what is the process that forms the mRNA molecule?

A

transcription

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8
Q

what is a segment of base pairs in a chromosome?

A

Gene

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9
Q

what is the total genetic information package in a cell?

A

genome

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10
Q

what are active transport mechanisms that move charged particles against their concentration gradient to concentrate them on one side of a plasma membrane?

A

ion pumps

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11
Q

what are the 3 forms of passive transport?

A
  1. filtration
  2. dialysis
  3. osmosis
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12
Q

during which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes move away from the center of the cell?

A

anaphase

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13
Q

during which stage of the cell cycle does the DNA in the nucleus replicate?

A

interphase

??? DOUBLE CHECK ANSWER IN BOOK

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14
Q

During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes align in the center of the cell?

A

metaphase

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15
Q

during which stage of mitosis do the chromatin condense into chromosomes?

A

prophase

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16
Q

during which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope and nuclei reappear?

A

telophase

17
Q

“protein factories” in the cell, made of RNA

A

Ribosome

18
Q

tubelike passages thet carry substances through the cytoplasm

A

endoplasmic reticulum ER

19
Q

chemically process and package substances from the endoplasmic reticulum

A

golgi apparatus

20
Q

“powerhouse” of the cell; most of the cell’s ATP is formed here

A

mitochondria

21
Q

bags of digestive enzymes in the cell

A

lysosomes

22
Q

a long cell projection used to propel sperm cells

A

flagella

23
Q

short hair like structures on the free surface of some cells

A

cilia

24
Q

directs protein synthesis; the brain of the cell

A

nucleus

25
Q

small structure in the nucleus; helps in the formation of ribosomes

A

nucleoli

Anatomy (17 decks)

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