ch 3 Flashcards
The _____ form of government favors a central government exercising all or most political authority.
unitary
Today, the European Union is struggling to make a _____ work.
confederation
_____ is not identified in the Constitution as a responsibility of national government
Establishing schools
One advantage of federalism is diffusion of policies, which _____.
spreads policy ideas from one city or state to others
Allowing lower-level governments to “try out” new policies on a local level is generally referred to as “_____ of democracy.”
laboratories
The desire for fairness causes critics to worry that competition between states and localities leads to a/an _____, resulting in a bidding war in which each state tries to cut programs and taxes more than neighboring states in order to attract middle-class people and new business.
race to the bottom
Congress’s expressed, or granted, powers are found in _____ of the Constitution.
Article 1, section 8
A/an _____power is explicitly named in the Constitution.
enumerated
The “_____and proper clause” provides Congress with authority to carry out its designated functions concerning powers not specifically enumerated in the Constitution.
necessary
If Virginia law conflicts with federal law, the _____ clause states that federal law is superior.
supremacy
The Tenth Amendment relates to and best demonstrates _____ powers.
reserved
_____ powers describe shared authority between national and state governments
Concurrent
_____ federalism argues for the clear division of governing authority between national and state governments.
Dual
Congress vigorously responded to the _____ by passing policies that decisively strengthened the national government’s role in regulating the economy.
Great Depression
_____ was characterized by a far more active federal government and blurred lines of authority.
Cooperative federalism
An obligation imposed on state or local government officials by federal legislation without sufficient federal funding support to cover the costs is called a/an _____ mandate
unfunded
_____ is defined as the transfer of authority from national to state or local governments.
Devolution
The Supreme Court relied on the Constitution’s _____ powers in the McCullough v.
implied
The U.S. government spends _____ the governments of most other wealthy nations.
less than
_____ is not a power granted to Congress in the Constitution.
Organizing state elections
