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child and adolescence > ch 3. > Flashcards

ch 3. Flashcards

1
Q

genetic factors

A

nature

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2
Q

4 sperm cells and 1 ovum

A

meiosis

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3
Q

how many chromosomes do ovum and sperm cells have

A

23 chromosomes

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4
Q

fertilized ovum, 23 pairs or 46 chromosomes

A

zygote

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5
Q

sperm and ovum, the beginnings

A

gametes

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6
Q

where are chromosomes located

A

on the dna in the nucleus of the cell

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7
Q

first 23 pairs of chromosomes

A

autosomes

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8
Q

XX

A

female chromosomes

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9
Q

XY

A

male chromosomes

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10
Q

who controls the biological sex of the baby

A

males

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11
Q

how man genes in the human body

A

21,000

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12
Q

how do we form parts of our body

A

DNA split into RNA transcribed –> mRNA goes into cytoplasm translated into amino acids into protein into parts of the body

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13
Q

variation of a gene

A

alleles

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14
Q

completely identical pairs, same outcome

A

homozygous

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15
Q

gene parings don’t match

A

heterozygous

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16
Q

dominant traits are presented and recessive traits are carried

A

dominant recessive

17
Q

both dominant and recessive traits

A

incomplete

18
Q

traits linked to the x-chromosomes

A

x-linked traits

19
Q

multiple genes contribute to the makeup

A

polygenic traits

20
Q

one gene contributes

A

monogenic traits

21
Q

factor or trait that is affected by nature and nurture

A

multifactorial traits

22
Q

looking at first 22 pairs, emerges in meiosis and results in miscarriage

A

autosomal abnormalities

23
Q

1 in 600 births, trisomy 21, mosaic and translocation

A

down syndrome

24
Q

extra x chromosomes, sterile, biological development of the penis and testes

A

klinefelter syndrome

25
Q

extra y chromosome, males extremely tall, intellectual impairment and langauge skills

A

jacob’s syndrome

26
Q

females, intelleectual delays, extra x, menstruation and breast development

A

triple x syndrome

27
Q

learning disabilities and difficulty reading facial emotions, missing an x

A

turner syndrome

28
Q

inheritance, genetic makeup

A

genotype

29
Q

physical appearance

A

phenotype

30
Q

one egg that shares indentical DNA, one zygote that splits into two

A

monozygotic

31
Q

two different zygotes, two different eggs so different sets of DNA

A

dizygotic

32
Q

how much something is due to our genetics or due to our enviornment

A

hereditability estimates

33
Q

child is the passive agent

A

passive gene-environment correlations

34
Q

child wants to do it and influence their environment through niche picking

A

active gene-environment correlations

35
Q

child is pulling response out from environemnt

A

evocative gene-environment correlations

36
Q

field of study - nurture on nature

A

epigenetics

37
Q

chemical marker places on end of genes that turns on and off genes

A

methylation

child and adolescence (23 decks)

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