Ch. 2Terms Flashcards
Identify parts of a neurons
Dendrite
Cell body
Axon
Terminal buttons
Dendrites
Received info
Cell body
Contains a nucle
Axon
Neuron pathway
Myelin sheath
On axon
Terminal buttons
Neurotransmission occurs and shoots into synapse
Afferent Nuerons
Sends information from receptors to the spinal cord and brain
Efferent Nueron
Transmits info from brain or spinal cord to muscle and glands
Internuerons
One neuron to another structure of neuron
Process of neurotransmission
Dendrites receive signals from other neuron
- no please tell Sal to fire or not to fire
- go through Axon which is the highway messenger of neurons
- axon enter terminal button which contain Nero transmitter then go to Nero transmitter get shot into the synapse
Polarization
Neuron gets more negatively charged
Depolarization
Nueron gets less negatively charged
Resting potential
Neuron is ready to activate and communicate if It receives sufficient stimulation
Action potential
All or nothing response (an impulse that travels along the axon at constant strength
Refractory period
Brief span of time with the nueron is unable to fire again
Inhibitory neurotransmitters
Cannot fire (neuron receiving transmitter becomes less likely to transmit the message to subsequent neuron)
Excitatory neurotransmitters
To fire ( neuron receiving is more likely to transmit the message )
ACETYLCHOLINE …….low levels=….
Control of activities and the plane related to attention , learning, memory. low= Alzheimer’s disease
Dopamine…. low…high
Controls arousal levels…..low= Parkinsons disease……high=schizophrenia
Epinephrine
…..
Serotonin
Appetite, Sleep, aggression
Glutamate
Excitatory neurotransmitter in the body
Endorphin
Inhibitory neurotransmitter like morphine, pain relieving qualities
Agonists
drug or chemical substance that binds to receptors sites and triggers a response in cells
Antagonist
Drug or chemical substance that prevents a response in the receiving cell
Central Nervous System
Includes brain and spinal chord
Peripheral Nervous System
All parts outside of (CNS)
- Somatic
- Autonomic
Autonomic Nervous System
Regulates bodily processes
-functions below level of consciousness
Sympathetic
Fight or Flight response
-mobilizes body in time of stress or danger
Parasympathetic
Returns body back to the safe functioning state AKA HOMEOSTASIS
Somatic Nervous System
Contains nerves that connect receptors to the brain and spinal chord
-voluntary system
Pituitary Gland
Releases hormones that have a range of effects
Pineal Gland
Located in the brain and produces hormones such as Melatonin
up=when sleeping ……down= when awaking
Adrenal Gland
Pair of endocrine glands that are involved in human stress response
