Ch. 27 Soft-Tissue Injuries Flashcards
Abrasion
Loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface.
Amputation
An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.
Avulsion
An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loos or is hanging as a flap.
Burns
Injuries in wich soft-tissue damage occurs as a result of thermal heat, frictional heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation.
Closed injuries
Injuries in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface of the skin remains intact.
Compartment syndrome
Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue.
Contact burn
A burn caused by direct contact with a hot object.
Contamination
The presence fo infective organisms or foreign bodies such as dirt, gravel, or metal.
Contusion
A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin.
Crushing injury
An injury that occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body.
Crush syndrome
Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. this can leat to renal failure and death.
Dermis
The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels.
Ecchymosis
A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as the result of an injury.
Epidermis
The outer layer of skin, whidh is made up of cells that are sealed together to form a watertight protective covering for the body.
Evisceration
The displacement of organs outside the body.
Excited delirium
A serious behavioral condition in which a person exhibits agitated behavior combined with disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions; also called agitated delirium or exhaustive mania.
Fascia
The fiber-like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.
Flame burn
A burn caused by an open flame.
Flash burn
A burn caused by exposure to very intense heat, such as an explosion.
Full-thicknes (third-degree) burns
Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark brown, or charred.
Hematoma
A mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity.
Impaled objects
Objects that penetrate the skin but remain in place.
Incision
A sharp, smooth cut in the skin.
Laceration
A deep, jagged cut in the skin.
Mucous membranes
The linings of the body cavities and passages that communicate directly with the environment outside the body.
Occlusive dressing
An airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria; a commercial vented version allows air to passively escape from the chest, while and unvented dressing may be made fo petroleum jelly-based (Vaseline) gauze, alluminum foil, or plastic.
Open injuries
Injuries in which there is a breatk in the surface of the skin or the mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination.
Partial-thickness (second-degree) burns
Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by glisters and skin that is whit to red, moist, and mottled.
Penetrating wound
An injurty resulting from a sharp, piercing object.
Rabid
Infected with rabies
Rule of nines
A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body allowing for calculation fo the amount of skin surface involved in the burn area.
Scald burn
A burn caused by hot liquids.
Steam burn
A burn caused by exposure to hot steam.
Superficial (first-degree) burns
Burns that affect only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through.
Thermal burn
A burn caused by heat.
