Ch. 26 Bleeding Flashcards
Aorta
The main artery that recieves blood from th left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body.
Arterioles
The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries.
Artery
A blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissues and smooth muscle, that carries blood away from the heart.
Capillaries
The small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules; various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid, and then on into the cells.
Coagulation
The formation of clots to blug openings in injured blood vessels and stop flood flow.
Contusion
A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin; also see ecchymosis.
Ecchymosis
A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as the result of an injury; also see contusion.
Epistaxis
A nosebleed.
Hematemesis
Vomiting blood
Hematoma
A mass of blood that has collected withing damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity.
Hematuria
Blood in urine.
Hemophilia
A hereditary condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the blood’s normal clotting factors.
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood.
Hemorrhage
Bleeding.
Hemostatic dressing
A dressing impregnated with a chemical compound that slows or stops bleeding by assisting with clot formation.
Hypoperfusion
A condition in which circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called shock.
Hypovolemic shock
A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss fo body water, results in inadequate perfusion.
Junctional tourniquet
A device that provides proximal compression of severe bleeding near the axial or inguinal junction with the torso.
Melena
Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood.
Open-book pelvic fracture
A life-threatening fracture of the pelvis caused by a force that displaces one or both sides of the pelvis laterally and posteriorly.
Pelvic bider
A device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from the bone ends, venous disruption, and pain.
Perfusion
The cirdulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the current needs of the cells.
Shock
A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide suffucient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called hypoperfusion.
Tourniquet
The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despiete the use of direct pressure; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete aputation.
Vasoconstriction
The narrowing of a blood vessel, such as with hypoperfusion or cold extremities.
Veins
The blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart.
Venules
Very small, thin-walled blood vessels.
