Ch. 27 Antilipemic Review

Question 0

Tinnitus, urine with a ____ odor, and headaches are possible adverse effects of ____ ____.

Answer 0

Burnt; bile acid

Question 1

Possible adverse effects of nicotinic acid include pruritis, ____ flushing, and GI ____.

Answer 1

Cutaneous; upset

Question 2

Headaches, myalgia, city and are also possible adverse effects of ___-____ ____ inhibitors.

Answer 2

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

Question 3

____ ____ may cause abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, drowsiness, and dizziness.

Answer 3

Fibric acid

Question 4

The undesirable effects of nicotinic acid can be minimized by starting with a ____ initial dose, taking the drug with ___, and taking small doses of aspirin with the drug to minimize ____ flushing.

Answer 4

Low; meals; cutaneous

Question 5

When using garlic, it is recommended to avoid any other drugs that may interfere with platelet and ____ functions. These drugs include antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and aspirin.

Answer 5

Clotting

• because it may enhance bleeding

Question 6

HDLs are responsible for the “recycling” of cholesterol. HDLs are sometimes referred to as the ____ lipid (or good cholesterol) because they are believed to be ____ . LDLs are known as the bad cholesterol.

Answer 6

Good; cardioprotective

Question 7

The maximum extent to which lipid levels are low or may not occur until ___ to ___ weeks after the start of therapy.

Answer 7

6 to 8

Question 8

____ (Muscle pain) is a clinically important address the fact that may occur with the ___-___ ____ inhibitors. It may progress to serious condition known as rhabdomyolysis. Patients receiving statin therapy should be advised to report any unexplained ____ pain or discomfort to their healthcare providers immediately.

Answer 8

HMG-CoA reductase; muscle

Question 9

Taking HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors with ____ juice may cause complications. Components in the juice inactivate CYP3A4 in the liver and the intestines. This enzyme plays a key role in statin metabolism. The presence of the juice in the body may therefore resulting sustained levels of a metabolized statin drug, which increases the risk for major ____ toxicity (rhabdomyolysis).

Answer 9

Great fruit; drug

• rhabdomyolysis- The breakdown of muscle fibers that leads to the release of muscle fiber contents (myoglobin) into the bloodstream. It is harmful to the kidney and often causes kidney damage.