Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

physical science > Ch. 26 > Flashcards

Ch. 26 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form

A

mineral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

color of a mineral in powdered form

A

streak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides

A

cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

minerals that break with irregular surfaces

A

fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching

A

hardness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

molten rock material inside Earth

A

magma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two most abundant elements in earths crust?

A

silicon and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does inorganic mean?

A

materials that are non-living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral?

A

minerals breaks, how hard, crystal shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are all of the ways to identify minerals

A

luster, streak, cleavage and fracture, hardness, crystal shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the two types of luster

A

metallic and nonmetallic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does metallic luster reflect light

A

very easily metal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how does nonmetallic reflect light

A

shine like glass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how do you preform a streak test

A

rubbing a mineral on an un-glazed porcelain tile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals

A

cleavage and fractor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral

A

Mohs Scale of Hardness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the number range on Mohs Scale of Hardness

A

1-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how many different crystal shape systems are there

A

six

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

minerals grow from the…

A

inside out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the 3 ways minerals can form

A

hot water, molten rock, evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the two mineral groups

A

silicate, nonsilicates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which mineral group is the most abundant in Earth´s crust

A

silicate minerals are the most abundant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what elements are Silicates made up of

A

silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons that are not linked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

nonsilicates do not contain what element

A

silicon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what mineral is used to make glass

A

quartz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

a mineral is ________ _______ ________

A

naturally occurring, inorganic solid, crystalline form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
A

luster streak cleavage fr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

define rock

A

solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

how are rocks identified?

A

composition and texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does the texture of a rock describe about a rock?

A

shape size and arrangement of a rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where do intrusive igneous rocks form?

A

from molten rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from?

A

magma

33
Q

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals?

A

bowenś reaction series

34
Q

what are the 3 types of magma?

A

mafic, intermediate, felsic

35
Q

which magma type has a low silica content?

A

mafic

36
Q

which magma type has a high silica content?

A

felsic

37
Q

which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz?(oceanic or continental)

A

continental,

38
Q

which type of crust has little to no quartz?(oceanic or continental)

A

deep-continental

39
Q

which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture?

A

intrusive igneous rock

40
Q

which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture?

A

extrusive igneous rock

41
Q

do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly?

A

quickly

42
Q

what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock?

A

vesicular texture and porphyritic texture

43
Q

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling?

A

vesicular

44
Q

which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates?

A

porphyritic

45
Q

what type of rock has a vesicular(holey) texture?

A

pumice

46
Q

define clasts

A

small rocks and mineral fragments

47
Q

what types of erosion are rocks on earths surface exposed to

A

water wind and other forces

48
Q

what does it mean if clasts are being transported

A

being moved from one place to another

49
Q

what does it mean if clatss are being deposited

A
50
Q

define pore space

A

empty spaces between grains

51
Q

define compaction

A

clasts stick together due to weight

52
Q

define cementation

A

minerals persipitate slowly uot of water solution and crystallize in the space between clasts

53
Q

how are sedimentary rocks formed

A

clasts get compacted together water flows through

54
Q

what is another name for clasts

A

detritus

55
Q

what are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts

A

detrital sedimentary rock

56
Q

what is the decreasing size of clasts

A

gravel sand silt mud or clay

57
Q

which clast size would be deposited first

A

gravel

58
Q

what are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks

A
59
Q

how are chenical sedimentary rocks formed

A

water that contains solids

60
Q
A

biochemical sedimentary rock

61
Q
A

limestone, coal

62
Q

26.4

A
63
Q

metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which is 3 things?

A

heat pressure or chemical reaction

64
Q

which types of rocks can be changed by metamorphism?

A

igneous sedimentary or metamorphic

65
Q

what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over large areas?

A

regional metamorphism

66
Q

what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small changes?

A

contact metamorphism

67
Q

when shale is compressed, which type of metamorphic rock is created?

A

slate

68
Q

what are the two types of metamorphic rock textures?

A

foliated and nonfoliated rock

69
Q

define foliated texture

A
70
Q

define nonfoliated texture

A
71
Q

metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which two things?

A

texture and composition

72
Q

define rock cycle

A

continual changing of rocks from one type to

73
Q

which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle

A

igneous sedimentary metamorphic

74
Q

what are 3 types of rocks

A

igneous sedimentary metamorphic

75
Q

which type of rocks form from molten rock

A

igneous

76
Q

which types of rocks are formed from clasts, precipitation, or compressed once living matter

A

sedimentary

77
Q

which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, and chemical reactions?

A

metamorphic

78
Q

what can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock

A

minerals

physical science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions