25.3 and 25.4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the boundary that marks a density change

A

discontinuity

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2
Q

how can discontinuity be identified

A

by using seismic waves

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3
Q

what are the shadow zones

A

where no seismic waves have been recorded

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4
Q

what is another name for a shadow zone

A

dead zone

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5
Q

what are the degrees that shadow zone fall

A

between 105 and 140

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6
Q

is the outer core a solid or a liquid

A

liquid

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7
Q

is the inner core a solid or liquid? why?

A

solid, due to the preasure

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8
Q

what is a lithosphere

A

the crust and uppermost mantle

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9
Q

what is the asthenosphere

A

a weaker plastic-like layer upon which earths lithospheric plates move

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10
Q

what matalic materials make up the core

A

iron and nickel

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11
Q

what elements make up the mantle

A

calcium, aluminum, iron, and magnesium

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12
Q

boundary between two layers of material that have different densities

A

discontinuity

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13
Q

areas on earths surface where no seismic waves are recorded

A

shadow zone

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14
Q

the crust and uppermost mantle combine

A

lithosphere

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15
Q

tectonic plates move on top of a plastic-like layer of the upper mantle

A

asthenosphere

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16
Q

measure of a fluids resistance to flow

17
Q

chemical compound silicon SiO2 which is a common ingredient in most magma

18
Q

tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meter range, and have short eruption cycles

A

cinder cone volcano

19
Q

are broad, flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flow

A

shield volcano

20
Q

large and steep sided often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometers across the base and composed of layers of both lava and ash

A

composite volcano

21
Q

what is molten or liquid rocks stored inside Earth?

22
Q

where is the ring of fire located

A

in the pacific ocean

23
Q

what forms do tectonic plates create when they collide?

24
Q

which two specific locations can volcanic activity occur due to divergent

A

mid-Atlantic ridge

East African Rift Valley

25
are hot spots stationary?
yes
26
what are created from hot spots
volcanic islands( Hawaii )
27
if a liquid has a higher viscosity is it going to run faster or slower
slower
28
if a magma has a higher viscosity does it have more or less silica
more silica
29
what is Pyroclastic material
any solid material that erupts from a volcano
30
what is the smallest type of pyroclastic materials
volcanic ash
31
what are the biggest type of pyroclastic materials
volcanic blocks and bombs
32
what are the types of gas that come from a volcano
water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide
33
how are volcanoes classified
by size, shape, and the materials that erupt
34
what are the 3 types of volcanoes
cinder volcanoes, composite volcano, shield volcano