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physical science > 29 > Flashcards

29 Flashcards

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1
Q

29.1

A
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2
Q

what are two factors that effect gravitational strength

A

mass and distance

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3
Q

which diameter of earth is longer

A

equater

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4
Q

what does the magnetic field protect earth from

A

harmful radiation from the sun

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5
Q

the south magnetic pole is located in which hemisphere

A

northern hemisphere

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6
Q

what degree is earths axis tilted at

A

11.7

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7
Q

do the magnetic poles reverse

A

yes

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8
Q

what are large scale reversals called

A

magnetic reversals

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9
Q

how often does the magnetic reversals occur

A

200,000 years

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10
Q

how long ago was the last magnetic reversal

A

780,000 years

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11
Q

what part of magnetic field deflects harmful radiation from the sun

A

magnetosphere

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12
Q

what is the northern and southern lights called

A

northern- aurora borealis

southern- aurora australis

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13
Q

how are the auroras created

A

electrically- charged particles collide with atoms in the atmosphere and emit light

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14
Q

elipse

A

elongated, closed curve with two foci

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15
Q

in which month is earth closest to the sun

A

January 147 million km away

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16
Q

what month is earth farthest from the sun

A

July 152 million km away

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17
Q

29.2

A
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18
Q

time zone

A

an area 15* wide in which the time is the same

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19
Q

rotation

A

the spinning of Earth on its axis

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20
Q

revolution

A

the motion of earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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21
Q

ecliptic

A

defined as the plane of earths orbit around the sun

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22
Q

solstice

A

occurs when earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away

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23
Q

equinox

A

earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center earth to the center of the sun

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24
Q

who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C

A

babylonians

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25
Q

what was the symbol for degree taken from

A

was the babylonian symbol for the sun

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26
Q

how many degrees does the earth spin in one day

A

360

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27
Q

how many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation

A

24

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28
Q

how many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation

A
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29
Q

how many degrees does the earth spin in one hour

A

15

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30
Q

what direction does the sun rise

A

east

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31
Q

what direction does the sun set

A

west

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32
Q

all time zones are the exact same size t or f

A

false, they are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites

33
Q

how many time zones are there in the world

A

24

34
Q

which direction do you move to add hours to the time

A

east

35
Q

which direction do you move to subtract hours from

A

west

36
Q

how many time zones are in the united states

A

six

37
Q

what are the names of the time sones

A

mountain daylight

38
Q

what is a solar day

A

full rotation from noon to noon

39
Q

what is a sidereal day

A

full night rotation for star to star

40
Q

what are the two main reasons for seasons

A

tilt of earth and revolution

41
Q

which 2 seasons have a solstice

A
42
Q

which month is the summer solstice

A
43
Q

which month is the winter solstice

A
44
Q

which two seasons are equnioxes

A
45
Q

which month is the spring equriox

A
46
Q

Tide

A

A rise or fall in the ocean surface

47
Q

Moon phase

A

Change in appearance of the moon as viewed from earth, due to the relative positions of earth the sun and the moon

48
Q

Solar eclipse

A

Occurs when the moon passes between the sun and earth and casts a shadow on part of earth

49
Q

Lunar eclipse

A

Occurs when earths shadow falls on the moon

50
Q

Maria

A

Relatively flat dark colored regions on the moon’s surface

51
Q

Regolith

A

Layer of loose ground up rock on the lunar surface formed by the accumulation of impact material

52
Q

How many days does it take the moon to revolve around earth

A

27.3

53
Q

A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called

A

Synodic month

54
Q

Do we ever see the back side of the moon

A

No

55
Q

What causes a tide to rise or fall

A

Gravitational pull of the sun and moon

56
Q

What is the rise of sea level called

A

High tide

57
Q

After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level drop

A

About 6 hours

58
Q

Which is farther from earth, the sun or the moon

A

Sun

59
Q

Does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on earths tides

A

Moon

60
Q

How are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a spring tide

A

Sun>earth>moon

61
Q

How are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a neap tide

A

Sun>earth>90* moon

62
Q

What does the phase of the moon you see depend on

A

Depends on the positions of the moon, earth, and sun relative to one another

63
Q

When does a new moon occur

A

When the moon is between earth and the sun

64
Q

How many phases of the moon are there

A

8

65
Q

What is the definition of waxing phases

A
66
Q

What is the definition of waning phases

A
67
Q

What are the moon phase names

A
  • new
  • waxing crescent
  • 1st quarter
  • waxing gibbous
  • full
  • waning gibbous
  • 3rd quarter
  • waning crescent
68
Q

Where is the word month derived from

A
69
Q

How is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a solar eclipse

A
70
Q

What is an umbra

A

Where the total eclipse happens

71
Q

What is a penumbra

A

Partial solar eclipse

72
Q

How is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a lunar eclipse

A
73
Q

How are the depressions on the moon formed

A
74
Q

Are there mountains on the moon

A
75
Q

Which side of the moon is thicker

A
76
Q

Is the mantle of the moon a solid or a liquid

A
77
Q

What did the Clementine spacecraft do

A

It confirmed the thickness of the crust on the moon and it provided information on the material content of moon rocks

78
Q

What sis the Lunar Prospector do

A

Took pictures of moons surface, confirmed the moon has a small iron rich core, evidence that there is water on the moon

79
Q

What is the Giant Impact Theory

A

They think a
Mars sized object collided on earth where debris was thrown into orbit which condensed into a large mass forming the moon

physical science (6 decks)

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