Ch. 25.3 & 25.4 Flashcards
What is the boundary that marks density change between layers?
discontinuity
How are discontinuites identified?
Seismic Waves
What are shadow zones?
Areas where seismic waves aren’t recorded
What is another term or name for shadow zone?
Dead Zone
Between which degrees range do shadow zones fall?
105 - 140 degrees
Is the outer core a liquid or a solid?
Liquid
Is the inner core a liquid or a solid?
Solid because of the pressure
What makes up the lithosphere?
Crust and uppermost mantle
What is the asthenosphere
Plastic-like layer which Earth’s plates move on.
Which elements make up the mantle?
Calcium, Aluminum, Iron, and Magnesium
What elements make up the core?
Iron and Nickle
The measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.
Viscosity
Chemical compound silicon dioxide which is common ingredient in magma.
Silica
Small volcano with hundreds of meters of height in range, and have short eruption cycles.
Cinder cone volcanoes
Large and steep volcanoes, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometers across the base, composed of layers of lava and ash.
Composite Volcanoes
Broad flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows
Shield volcano
What is molten, or liquid rock, stored inside Earth called?
Magma
Where is the ring of fire located?
Along the Pacific Ocean shoreline
Which two specific locations have volcanic activity due to divergents.
Mid-Atlantic Ridge and East African Rift
Are hot spots stationary?
Yes
What can hot spots create?
Islands (Hawaii islands)
What are the gases that come from a volcano?
Water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide.
How are volcanoes classified?
Size, shape, and the materials that erupt.
