Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Science > Ch. 25 > Flashcards

Ch. 25 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys.

A

Mid-Ocean Ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A long narrow depression formed in between peaks along the mid-ocean ridge.

A

Rift Valley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The boundary where two plates collide

A

Convergent Plate Boundary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent

A

Subduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The boundary between two plates that are moving apart

A

Divergent Plate Boundary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Transform Plate BoundaryA type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions

A

Transform Plate Boundary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in earth’s crust and faults

A

Earthquake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A crack in Earth’s crust along which rock has been removed.

A

Fault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sudden release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault

A

Elastic Rebound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The point of origin for an earthquake

A

Focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The point on an Earth’s surface directly above the focus point

A

epicenter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who came up with the continental drift hypothesis?

A

Alfred Wegener

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What were some pieces of evidence to support Wegner’s hypothesis?

A
  1. Coastlines match up like puzzle pieces
  2. Found large land animal fossils
  3. Mountain ranges match up and the rocks are made up of same composition and age
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the name of the super continent?

A

Pangea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who came up with the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis?

A

Harry Hess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How did Harry Hess map the bottom of the seafloor?

A

Sonar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who discovered the mid-ocean ridge system?

A

Harry Hess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where on the sea floor is the youngest rock going to be found.

A

Closest to the MOR (mid-ocean ridge)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the types of plate boundaries?

A

Divergent, Convergent, Transform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do convergent boundaries move?

A

They collide

21
Q

Subduction zones only occur with what type of plate boundary?

A

Convergent Plate Boundaries

22
Q

What two types of crust are involved in plate movement?

A

Oceanic and Continental crust

23
Q

What are the types of land forms that can be created when Oceanic and Continental crust converge?

A

Deep Sea Trench and Volcanoes

24
Q

What land forms are created when two Oceanic crust converge?

A

Deep Sea Trench and Hot Spots (creates islands)

25
Q

What land forms are created when two continental crusts converge?

A

Mountains

26
Q

How do divergent plate boundaries move?

A

They seperate

27
Q

What are the two examples of divergent boundaries?

A

MOR and Eastern African Rift

28
Q

How do transform plate boundaries form?

A

They slide past each other.

29
Q

What is a specific example of a transform plate boundary?

A

San Andreas Fault (two continental crusts)

30
Q

How does a convection current work?

A
  1. magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises

2. magma cools down, becomes more dense, and falls

31
Q

What types of plate boundaries have shallow plate boundaries?

A

Divergent and Transform

32
Q

Which boundaries have deeper earthquakes?

A

Convergent Plate Boundaries

33
Q

What are the four types of stress that can be applied to rocks.

A
  1. Compression Stress
  2. Tension Stress
  3. Shear Stress
  4. Torsion Stress
34
Q

What are the types of deformation?

A

Elastic Deformation and Plastic Deformation

35
Q

What happens to the rock if elastic deformation occurs?

A

As soon as the stress is released it returns to its original form.

36
Q

What happens to the rock if plastic deformation occurs?

A

As soon as the stress is released it remains in its new shape.

37
Q

What types of seismic waves are there?

A
  1. Primary Waves
  2. Secondary Waves
  3. Surface Waves
38
Q

Which type of seismic wave moves the fastest?

A

Primary Wave (P Wave)

39
Q

How primary waves move?

A

Compression Wave

40
Q

How do secondary waves move?

A

Up and Down

41
Q

What types of material can P waves move through?

A

Solids and Liquids

42
Q

What types of materials can S waves move through?

A

Only solids

43
Q

Which waves are the most complex?

A

Surface Waves

44
Q

What are the two scales that help us measure earthquakes?

A

The Richter Scale and Mercalli Scale

45
Q

What does the Richter Scale measure?

A

The Amount of energy released?

46
Q

What does the Mercalli scale measure?

A

The amount of damage caused

47
Q

sphere

A

a round 3-dimensional object

48
Q

ellipse

A

an elongated closed curve with two foci

Physical Science (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions