Ch. 25 Soft Tissue Injuries Flashcards
<p>Contusion</p>
<p>results from a blunt force striking the body.</p>
<p>Ecchymosis</p>
<p>the build-up of blood produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration</p>
<p>Hematoma</p>
<p>is a pool of blood that has collected within damaged tissue or a body cavity. </p>
<p>How do Hematomas occur?</p>
<p>It occurs when large blood vessels are damaged and bleeds rapidly. It is usually associated with extensive tissue damage.</p>
<p>Crush Syndrome</p>
<p>Continued compression of the soft tissues will cut off circulation producing further tissue damage.</p>
<p>Compartment Syndrome</p>
<p>The pressure of the fluid may become great enough to compress the tissue and cause further damage especially if the blood vessels become compressed cutting off blood flow to the tissue.</p>
<p>Contamination</p>
<p>means that infective organisms or foreign bodies, such as dirt, gravel, or metal are present.</p>
<p>Abrasion</p>
<p>is a wound of the superficial layer of the skin caused by friction when a body part rubs or scrapes across rough or hard surface.</p>
<p>What should you always note with abrasion?</p>
<p>Even though abrasions generally do not result in a considerable loss of volume, fluid loss may be significant when large areas are affected.</p>
<p>Why should you maintain a high level of suspicion when you see abrasion over the flank area?</p>
<p>Because injuries that occur over the flank areas may be the only sign of potential kidney damage.</p>
<p>Laceration</p>
<p>or incision is a smooth or jagged cut caused by a sharp object or a blunt force that tears the tissue</p>
<p>Avulsion</p>
<p>is an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue between the subcutaneous and fascia so that they are completely unattached or hanging as a flap</p>
<p>Amputation</p>
<p>A completely avulsed part</p>
<p>RICES stands for what</p>
<p>Rest Ice Compression Elevation Splinting</p>
<p>List the steps of Pathophysiology when a pt is burned</p>
<p>Burns create local and systemic responses...
1. Initially there is a release of catecholamines (epinephrine and non epinephrine) in response to pain
2. There is overall vasoconstriction there is a decrease of blood to the injured area.
3. During the next several hours, there is a fluid shift phase. Damage cells in the area release vasoactive substances creating a inflammatory response and capillary permeability
4. Massive Edema is result of fluid shifting from the intravascular space into the extravascular.
5. Sodium moves into the injured cells, creating more fluid loss of electrolytes and may lead to hypovolemia
Note: Tissue damage reduces the ability for the body to maintain its core temperature. Severe burns can rapidly lead to hypothermia. As fluid volume decreases there is less oxygen transported to the tissue and organs leading to hypoxia, acidosis and possible anoxia
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