Ch. 18 Endocrine and Hematologic Emergencies Flashcards
ABO System
The antigen classification given to blooed
Acidosis
a pathologic condition resulting from the accumulation of acids in the body
Acute Chest Syndrome
a vasoocclusive crisis that can be associated with pneumonia; common signs and symptoms include chest pain, fever and cough
Aerobic Metabolism
Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen
Aplastic Crisis
A condition in which the body stops producing and blood cells; typically caused by infection
Clotting factors
Substances in the blood that are necessary fro clotting also called coagulation factors
Diabetes Mellitus
a metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize carbohydrates (sugars) is impaired due to a lack of insulin.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
a form of acidosis in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain accumulate when insulin is not available
Endocrine System
Regulates metabolism and maintains homeostasis.
Glucagon
The hormone released from the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans that converts glycogen to glucose when the bodes blood glucose level drops
Gluconeogenesis
The production of new glucose through the metabolization of non carbohydrates sources.
Glucose
One of the basic sugars; it is primary fuel, along with oxygen, for cellular metabolism
Glycogenolysis
The process by which glycogen is converted to glucose; facilitated by glucagon
Glycolysis
The conversion of glucose into energy via metabolic pathways
Hematology
the study and prevention of blood related disorders
Hematopoietic System
The system that includes all blood components and the organs involved in their development and production
Cardiovascular effects of Hypothyroidism
Slow pulse, reduced cardiac output
Cardiovascular effects of Hyperthyroidism
Rapid pulse, increased cardiac output
Metabolic effects of Hyperthyroidism
Increased metabolism, skin hot and flushed weight loss
Metabolic effects of Hypothyroidism
Decreased metabolism, cold skin, weight gain
Neuromuscular effects Hypothyroidism
Weakness, sluggish reflexes
Neuromuscular effects of Hyperthyroidism
Tremor, hyperactive reflexes
Type 1 diabetes
most pt don’t produce insulin. They require daily injections of supplementary, synthetic insulin throughout their lives to control blood glucose levels. Also know as juvenile diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes
Sometimes adult onset i which blood glucose levels are elevated. In many people with type 2 diabetes the pancreas actually produces enough insulin however the body cannot effectively utilize it. This condition is know as insulin resistance
