Ch 25 Americas and Oceania

Question 1

Who were the Taino? Where did they come from?

Question 2

What did Columbus do on the island of Hispaniola? What did Columbus force the Taino to do?

Question 3

What was the encomienda?

Question 4

Who was Hernan Cortes? What was his background?

Question 5

How did Hernan Cortes end up at the Aztec kingdom? What did he find when he got there?

Question 6

How did Hernan Cortes take over the Aztecs? What other factors will affect the Aztecs?

Question 7

Who was Francisco Pizarro?

Question 8

What group of people did Francisco Pizarro take over? What factors helped him do this?

Question 9

How will Spanish colonial governments specifically rule in the Americas (Mexico/Peru)?

Question 10

Who were viceroys? What were their roles?

Question 11

What were audiencias?

Question 12

How did the Portuguese come to rule Brazil?

Question 13

What did the Portuguese government look like?

Question 14

How did sugar plantations play a role with the Portuguese?

Question 15

What two European countries were exploring North America? What were they looking for during the 1600s?

Question 16

How were North American colonial governments different than those run by Iberian peninsula colonies?

Question 17

What were the relationships like between North American colonists and indigenous people?

Question 18

Describe these multicultural societies:
Mestizo
Mulattoes
Zambos

Question 19

Overall, how will the multicultural societies (Mestizo, Mulattoes and Zambos) be created in Iberian peninsula colonies?

Question 20

Who were peninsulares?

Question 21

Who were creoles?

Question 22

How are multicultural societies different in the North American colonies?

Question 23

What is metis?

Question 24

What is the importance of mining gold in the Spanish colonies?

Question 25

What is the importance of mining silver in the Spanish colonies?

Question 26

What are the two important mining towns? Why are they important?

Question 27

What was the quinto?

Question 28

How did silver become global?

Question 29

How did haciendas work and how was the repartimiento system different than the encomiendas system?

Question 30

How did indigenous populations rebel or protest colonial powers?

Question 31

Describe the Engenho (sugar plantations) in Brazil

Question 32

How did Brazil turn to African slavery instead of using the indigenous populations already there?

Question 33

Describe North American fur trade

Question 34

What was the environmental impact of the fur trade in North America?

Question 35

Explain competition and it’s effects from the fur trade

Question 36

What were the cash crops in North America?

Question 37

What group was the labor source for cash crops initially? What group replaced the initial labor source?

Question 38

How did Spanish missionaries promote religion (Christianity) in the New World?

Question 39

Who/what was the Virgin of Guadalupe? What was its significance?

Question 40

How did the French and English missionaries differ from the Spanish missionaries?

Question 41

How was Australia discovered?

Question 42

What did England use the Australia area as? Why?