Ch 24 Transformation of Europe Flashcards
What were Martin Luther’s criticisms of the Catholic Church?
How will Martin Luther get his criticisms published?
How responsive will Martin Luther’s viewpoint be with others?
Where did Luther’s views, which became the Protestant Reformation, spread to outside of Germany? Give specific examples how this affected areas.
Who was John Calvin? What were his beliefs?
What was Catholic Reformation?
What was the Council of Trent? Why was the Council of Trent important?
Who was Ignatius of Loyola?
What was the Society of Jesus? Why was the Society of Jesus important?
What was the purpose of witch hunts? Describe
Religious wars- why were they fought? Give an example of a religious war
What were the cause and effects of the the Thirty Years’ War?
Why were there attempts to revive the Holy Roman Empire?
Who was Charles V? Why was he significant in the attempted revival of the Holy Roman Empire?
Why did attempts at reviving the Holy Roman Empire fail?
What are characteristics of monarchies in:
England?
France?
Spain?
What economical similarities did England and the Netherlands share?
What political similarities did England and the Netherlands share?
English Civil War—cause and what did it establish in England after it was fought?
What was absolutism?
France–Louis XIV—how did he express absolutism?
How did Cardinal Richelieu express absolutism?
What other countries used France as a model?
Population growth–why did it occur? What factors helped aid population growth?
Why was there increased urbanization during this time? Where did the increased urbanization occur?
What is capitalism?
Explain the importance of supply and demand
How did the current economic state, during this time in history, promote capitalism?
How did joint stock companies factor in with capitalism? What is their advantage?
Putting-out system- What was it and how did it
promote capitalism?
How did early capitalism alter rural areas?
What did Adam Smith propose?
Describe the dark side of capitalism
What are nuclear families? How do you think capitalism factors into this?
What was the former view of the universe?
Why did people look at the former view of the universe differently in this time?
Explain Copernicus’ view and The Copernican Universe
What was the Scientific Revolution?
Who was Galileo Galilei? What was his significance in the Scientific Revolution?
Who was Kepler? What was his significance in the Scientific Revolution?
Who was Isaac Newton? What was his significance in the Scientific Revolution?
Who was Emilie du Chatelet? Why was she important during this time?
What was The Enlightenment?
Who was John Locke? What was his significance with The Enlightenment?
Who was Adam Smith? What was his significance with The Enlightenment?
Who was Baron de Montesquieu? What was his significance with The Enlightenment?
Who was Jean Jacques Rousseau? What was his significance with The Enlightenment?
Who was Voltaire? What was his significance with The Enlightenment?
Who was John Deism? What was his significance with The Enlightenment?
What did the Enlightenment, the Scientific Revolution and the introduction of capitalism mean for the future—-EFFECTS? (THINK REVOLUTIONS AND FREE-THINKING INDIVIDUALS THAT DO NOT WANT KINGS AND QUEENS TELLING THEM WHAT TO DO ANYMORE)
