Ch 23 Transoceanic Empires & Global Interactions

Question 1

What were the motives for European exploration? Economically, what was the real motive?

Answer 1

Wanted to spread chirstianity and obtain natural resources.

Question 1

Missionary efforts consisted of what?

Question 2

What technological advancements pushed the exploration movement further?

Answer 2

Compass, astrolabe, and better building materials for ships.

Question 3

What is Volta do mar? Why was Volta do mar a game changer in trade for
Europeans?

Answer 3

It helped them avoid winds and helped trade go faster for Portugal.

Question 4

What were the accomplishments of Dom Henrique (Prince Henry)?

Answer 4

Apart of Portugal monarchy starts a navigation school

Question 5

What were the accomplishments of Bartolomeu Dias?

Answer 5

First, one to round the tip of southern Africa and that opened up European and Asian trade routes. Portugal explorer.

Question 6

What were the accomplishments of Vasco da Gama?

Answer 6

finds a route to India

Question 7

What were the accomplishments of Christopher Columbus? Why were the voyages across the Atlantic and to India so significant?

Answer 7

Hit the motherlodad and finds americas (island of Hispaniola)

Question 8

What were the accomplishments of Ferdinand Magellan?

Answer 8

His crew circumnavigates the world. Not him

Question 9

What were the accomplishments of James Cook?

Answer 9

Sails for England, discovers new Zealand, Australia pacific islands.

Question 10

Describe Portuguese Trading posts.

Answer 10

Had men supplies and gunpowder for controlling trade.

Question 11

How did Portugal “control” maritime trade?

Answer 11

Pretty much had the Indian ocean basin to selves

Question 12

Where did the English and Dutch (the Netherlands) set up trading post empires?

Answer 12

Along the coast of Africa, the southern tip of India, and many of the islands that make up Indonesia.

Question 13

What are joint-stock companies?

Answer 13

A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company’s stock can be bought and sold by shareholders.

Question 14

How were joint-stock companies an economic change from what was
previously held regarding trade in this area?

Question 15

How did joint-stock companies encourage commercial growth?

Question 16

Geographically, where do the Spanish go? Who was there before the Spanish arrived and what did the Spanish do to these people?

Answer 16

Went to the Philippines.

Question 17

What economic and social changes did the Spanish make in these areas?

Question 18

Geographically, where did the Dutch go? How did the the Dutch change trade in this area?

Answer 18

South Africa

Question 19

How did global competition increase conflict? How did the economic (economy?) turn political? Be specific in your descriptions

Question 20

What was the cause of the Seven Year War? Be specific

Answer 20

The war was driven by the commercial and imperial rivalry between Britain and France, and by the antagonism between Prussia (allied to Britain) and Austria (allied to France).

Question 21

What was the effect of the Seven Year War? Be specific

Answer 21

The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over subsequent frontier policy and paying the war’s expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American Revolution.

Question 22

Who was the “real” winner of the Seven Year War? Why?

Answer 22

Great Britain, because they get all the land.

Question 23

Give an overall description of the Columbia Exchange

Answer 23

Biological change of agriculture and animals from old to a new world.

Question 24

With regard to the Columbian Exchange, what goods were exchanged? Think Old World goods to the New World & New World goods to the Old World

Answer 24

Transported plants, animals, diseases, technologies, and people from one continent to another.

Question 25

How did diseases from the Columbian Exchange affect the New World? How did these diseases affect the population?

Answer 25

It was very deadly from new diseases coming in contact with people who had never had these before. Lowered the population but strengthened it in the end.

Question 26

How did the Columbia Exchange involve migration, both voluntary migration and involuntary migration?

Answer 26

Involuntary migration is called African Diaspora. These were slaves forced to go to the Americas for labor purposes. Voluntary migration are people who just wanted t go to the Americas because they wanted to change.

Question 27

Explain Transoceanic Trade and it’s significance in global trade

Answer 27

Trade route included communication between the Americas, Europe, Africa, and the Caribbean-slaves, sugar, rum, tobacco etc.

Question 28

What were the Manila Galleons and what was their significance in global trade?

Answer 28

Massive ships that carry heavy weights like silver.

Question 29

What were the environmental effects of global trade?

Answer 29

Made peasants and slaves mine for silver and then that is transported on Manila Galleons.