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US History II > Ch 25 > Flashcards

Ch 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

This man was the army chief of staff general who pushed for the WAAC

A

George Marshall

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2
Q

This allowed for women volunteers in non combat positions

A

Women’s auxiliary army corps

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3
Q

This man founded the brotherhood of sleeping car porters

A

A. Phillip Randolph

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4
Q

What is Randolph known for?

A

Being a black labor leader who pushed FDR to call on employers to not discriminate

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5
Q

How did FDR bring scientists into the war effort?

A

The office of scientific research and development (OSRD, 1941)

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6
Q

This was the program to develop and atomic bomb during WWII-started at Columbia university

A

The manhattan project

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7
Q

This was an agency established by congress to control inflation by freezing prices

A

Office of price administration (OPA)

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8
Q

How did OPA do it’s job?

A

Raising taxes to reduce demand and disposable income, and encouraging people to buy war bonds

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9
Q

This is the fixed allotment of goods to ensure supplies for the military

A

Rationing

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10
Q

This is an agency established to coordinate the production of military supplies by US industries

A

War production board

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11
Q

This is when hitler used u-boats to make sure goods did not reach Britain or the USSR

A

Battle of the Atlantic

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12
Q

This was the attack on the major industrial center of the Volga river

A

Battle of Stalingrad

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13
Q

Why was hitler interested in Stalingrad?

A

Oil fields in the Caucasus mountains

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14
Q

When did Stalingrad start?

A

August 1942

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15
Q

How did the Russians win Stalingrad?

A

They brought tanks across frozen rivers and trapped them

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16
Q

When did the Germans surrender in Stalingrad?

A

January 1943-1 million soviets died defending the city

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17
Q

This was the plan to attack North Africa in November 1942, landing and pushing west

A

Operation torch

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18
Q

This man was the general who commanded operation torch

A

Dwight D. Eisenhower

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19
Q

What ended up happening in operation torch?

A

Erwin Rammel )desert fox) was chased and defeated in may 1943

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20
Q

What was the importance of Stalingrad?

A

It was the turning point of the war- afterwards, the USSR army pushed westward

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21
Q

When did Sicily fall to the US?

A

Summer 1943

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22
Q

When and why did Italy fall?

A

1945, because hitler was determined not to let it fall but it did when Germany was almost defeated

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23
Q

This was a highly decorated black squadron in WWII

A

Tuskegee airmen

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24
Q

This is a Japanese American squadron, most decorated in history

A

442nd regiment

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25
Q

This was the plan to invade France and free western Europe

A

Operation Overlord

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26
Q

Where was the Overlord attack planned?

A

Normandy

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27
Q

How was Hitler thrown off with Overlord?

A

Phantom army and fake radio messages

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28
Q

This was the day when the attack to liberate France was executed- the largest land-sea-air operation ever

A

D-Day, June 6, 1944

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29
Q

How many troops landed in Normandy with supplies?

A

1 million after a month

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30
Q

This man initiated a July 1944 bombardment at St. Lo providing a gap in German defenses for the 3rd army to reach the Seine River (Paris)

A

General Omar Bradley

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31
Q

This man was the leader of the 3rd army and liberated Paris after 4 years of occupation (Aug. 25)

A

George Patton

32
Q

When did the Allies free France, Belgium, and Luxembourg?

A

September 1944

33
Q

When was FDR elected for a 4th term?

A

11/1944

34
Q

This was the last ditched major German offensive of the war, lasting 1 month

A

Battle of the Bulge-December 1944

35
Q

What did Hitler hope to do at the Battle of the Bulge?

A

Split US and British forces to cut off supply lines

36
Q

When did the Soviets reach berlin?

A

April 1945

37
Q

THis is the Victory in Europe Day

A

V-E Day, May 8, 1945

38
Q

When did FDR die and how?

A

He had a stroke on April 12, 1945

39
Q

This man was the 33rd president

A

Harry S. Truman, Dem, 1945-1953

40
Q

This man was the commander of the Allies, forced to flee in the philippines in early 1942

A

Gen. Douglas MacArthur

41
Q

This was a daring attack on Tokyo by 16 bombers in April 1942

A

Doolittle’s raid

42
Q

This was a 5 day battle stopping Japanese movement to Australia

A

Battle of the Coral Sea-May 1942

43
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of the Coral sea?

A

1st time since Pearl Harbor that the Japs had been stopped

44
Q

This was a battle in a strategic island N of hawaii

A

Battle of Midway-June 1942

45
Q

How did we know that the Battle of Midway was coming?

A

We broke Japanese code

46
Q

What is significant about Midway?

A

It was the turning point of the war in the pacific

47
Q

THis man commanded the naval force in the Pacific

A

Admiral Chester Nimitz

48
Q

This was the 1st offensive in the soloma islands and the first Japanese defeat on land

A

Battle of Guadacanal- 8/7/1942-2/1943

49
Q

This was when MacArthur returned to the Philippines after 2 years

A

Leyte Island-Oct 1944

50
Q

THis is a suicide plan meany divine wind used at Leyte Island

A

Kamikaze

51
Q

This was a strategic island where bombers could reach the Japanese mainland

A

Iwo Jima (2/45-3/45)

52
Q

This was the largest amphibious assault in the pacific and the deadliest in the Pacific

A

Okinawa-2-3 1945 (82 days)

53
Q

THis man was the American scientist who directed bomb research

A

J. Robert Oppenheimer

54
Q

This city was the japanese military center that had been bombed

A

Hiroshima- Aug 6, 1945

55
Q

How was the Hiroshima bomb operation carried out?

A

B-29 “Enola Gay” dripped the bomb named “Little Boy”

56
Q

What was a nisei?

A

a 1st gen of American-born Japanese. 2/3 of people in the internment

57
Q

When was Nagasaki bombed? What was that bomb’s name?

A

Aug 9, 1945. Fat Man

58
Q

How many people died from atomic blasts?

A

200,000-both by the end of the year

59
Q

When is Victory in Japan Day

A

Aug 14, 1945

60
Q

When and where did Hirohito surrender?

A

Sept 2, 1945 on battleship Missouri

61
Q

When did European reconstruction begin?

A

Feb 1945

62
Q

This was when FDR, Stalin, and Churchill met to make war concessions

A

Yalata Conference

63
Q

What did FDR ask Stalin to do at Yalata?

A

Wage war in the pacific and support the UN

64
Q

How was germany divided?

A

4 zones-US, USSR, Brit, and French

65
Q

What did Stalin promise for Poland and occupied Eastern European countries?

A

Elections

66
Q

This was the court proceeding from 1945-1946 in which 24 nazi leaders were tried for war crimes

A

Nuremberg Trials

67
Q

How allowed farmers to prosper?

A

New technology and demand

68
Q

This provided veterans with money for homes, businesses, education, and training

A

GI Bill-Servicemen’s Readjustment Act

69
Q

This man was a civil rights leader and founder of CORE

A

James Farmer

70
Q

This was an organization to confront urban segregation in the north

A

Congress of Racial Equality

71
Q

What was a zoot suit?

A

a young mexican fashion-pleated pants and a long jacket

72
Q

This was a week long riot in LA in the summer of 1943

A

Zoot Suit Riot

73
Q

This was the confiement of 1444 Japanese Americans in Hawaii

A

Internment

74
Q

What removed 110,000 Japanese Americans from their homes in the west cost?

A

FDR’s 1942 requirement ordering them to be removed to relocation centers

75
Q

This pressured the gov’t to give money for property lost in internment, paying out $20,000 checks in 1990

A

Japanese American Citizens League

US History II (15 decks)

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